Related papers: Notes on proof by dichotomy
In this paper, we give a new axioms system based on nonseparable flats with their ranks to define a matroid. We deduce a polynomial time algorithm for deciding if a given matroid (respectively, arbitrary structure) is an uniform matroid.…
If no optimal propositional proof system exists, we (and independently Pudl\'ak) prove that ruling out length $t$ proofs of any unprovable sentence is hard. This mapping from unprovable to hard-to-prove sentences powerfully translates facts…
In this paper we show that an instance of dividing in pseudofinite structures can be witnessed by a drop of the pseudofinite dimension. As an application of this result we give new proofs of known results for asymptotic classes of finite…
The sequence of 1/2-discrepancy sums of $\{x + i \theta \bmod 1\}$ is realized through a sequence of substitutions on an alphabet of three symbols; particular attention is paid to $x=0$. The first application is to show that any asymptotic…
We explore probability modelling of discretization uncertainty for system states defined implicitly by ordinary or partial differential equations. Accounting for this uncertainty can avoid posterior under-coverage when likelihoods are…
In this paper, we consider the complexity of propositional proofs of classical and intuitionistic tautologies. In fact, we describe a nondeterministic polynomial-time decision procedure for intuitionistic implicational tautologies. For this…
A discrete set in the Euclidian space is almost periodic, if the measure with the unite masses at points of the set is almost periodic in the weak sense. We prove the following result: if A is a discrete almost periodic set and the set A-A…
This paper presents a theorem which solves the problem of reduction of the determinant order by means of a transformation of it, into other determinant whose each element are a determinant of second order. This implies that, if the process…
New sets (typically found by computer search) with Sidon constant equal to the square root of their cardinalities are given. For each integer $N$ there are only a finite number of groups of prime order containing $N$-element extreme sets.…
Numerical solving differential equations with fractional derivatives requires elimination of the singularity which is inherent in the standard definition of fractional derivatives. The method of integration by parts to eliminate this…
We give three new proofs of the triangle inequality in Euclidean Geometry. There seems to be only one known proof at the moment. It is due to properties of triangles, but our proofs are due to circles or ellipses. We aim to prove the…
Interactive theorem provers (ITPs) are powerful tools for the formal verification of mathematical proofs down to the axiom level. However, their lack of a natural language interface remains a significant limitation. Recent advancements in…
We comment on two formal proofs of Fermat's sum of two squares theorem, written using the Mathematical Components libraries of the Coq proof assistant. The first one follows Zagier's celebrated one-sentence proof; the second follows David…
Solitude verification is arguably one of the simplest fundamental problems in distributed computing, where the goal is to verify that there is a unique contender in a network. This paper devises a quantum algorithm that exactly solves the…
In this paper we study a new, generalized version of the well-known group testing problem. In the classical model of group testing we are given n objects, some of which are considered to be defective. We can test certain subsets of the…
Newton method is one of the most powerful methods for finding solutions of nonlinear equations and for proving their existence. In its "pure" form it has fast convergence near the solution, but small convergence domain. On the other hand…
Position verification schemes are interactive protocols where entities prove their physical location to others; this enables interactive proofs for statements of the form "I am at a location $L$." Although secure position verification…
The problems of enumerating lattice walks, with an arbitrary finite set of allowed steps, both in one and two dimensions, where one must always stay in the non-negative half-line and quarter-plane respectively, are used, as case studies, to…
In R.D. Sorkin's framework for logic in physics a clear separation is made between the collection of unasserted propositions about the physical world and the affirmation or denial of these propositions by the physical world. The unasserted…
It is well known that univalence is incompatible with uniqueness of identity proofs (UIP), the axiom that all types are h-sets. This is due to finite h-sets having non-trivial automorphisms as soon as they are not h-propositions. A natural…