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We present a class of algorithms capable of directly training deep neural networks with respect to large families of task-specific performance measures such as the F-measure and the Kullback-Leibler divergence that are structured and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-22 Amartya Sanyal , Pawan Kumar , Purushottam Kar , Sanjay Chawla , Fabrizio Sebastiani

Pre-training has achieved remarkable success when transferred to downstream tasks. In machine learning, we care about not only the good performance of a model but also its behavior under reasonable shifts of condition. The same philosophy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Jianghui Wang , Yang Chen , Xingyu Xie , Cong Fang , Zhouchen Lin

We study stochastic optimization of nonconvex loss functions, which are typical objectives for training neural networks. We propose stochastic approximation algorithms which optimize a series of regularized, nonlinearized losses on large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Weiran Wang , Nathan Srebro

We analyze speed of convergence to global optimum for gradient descent training a deep linear neural network (parameterized as $x \mapsto W_N W_{N-1} \cdots W_1 x$) by minimizing the $\ell_2$ loss over whitened data. Convergence at a linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Sanjeev Arora , Nadav Cohen , Noah Golowich , Wei Hu

Training a neural network (NN) typically relies on some type of curve-following method, such as gradient descent (GD) (and stochastic gradient descent (SGD)), ADADELTA, ADAM or limited memory algorithms. Convergence for these algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-08 Michael A Kouritzin , Stephen Styles , Beatrice-Helen Vritsiou

A significant advance in accelerating neural network training has been the development of normalization methods, permitting the training of deep models both faster and with better accuracy. These advances come with practical challenges: for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-05 Jasmine Collins , Johannes Balle , Jonathon Shlens

Thesedays, Convolutional Neural Networks are widely used in semantic segmentation. However, since CNN-based segmentation networks produce low-resolution outputs with rich semantic information, it is inevitable that spatial details (e.g.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-03 Youngeun Kim , Seunghyeon Kim , Taekyung Kim , Changick Kim

Loss functions are at the heart of deep learning, shaping how models learn and perform across diverse tasks. They are used to quantify the difference between predicted outputs and ground truth labels, guiding the optimization process to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Omar Elharrouss , Yasir Mahmood , Yassine Bechqito , Mohamed Adel Serhani , Elarbi Badidi , Jamal Riffi , Hamid Tairi

Evaluation metrics in machine learning are often hardly taken as loss functions, as they could be non-differentiable and non-decomposable, e.g., average precision and F1 score. This paper aims to address this problem by revisiting the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Tao Huang , Zekang Li , Hua Lu , Yong Shan , Shusheng Yang , Yang Feng , Fei Wang , Shan You , Chang Xu

This paper illustrates the central role of loss functions in data-driven decision making, providing a comprehensive survey on their influence in cost-sensitive classification (CSC) and reinforcement learning (RL). We demonstrate how…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-07 Kaiwen Wang , Nathan Kallus , Wen Sun

A recent line of research has shown that gradient-based algorithms with random initialization can converge to the global minima of the training loss for over-parameterized (i.e., sufficiently wide) deep neural networks. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Difan Zou , Quanquan Gu

Due to the non-convex nature of training Deep Neural Network (DNN) models, their effectiveness relies on the use of non-convex optimization heuristics. Traditional methods for training DNNs often require costly empirical methods to produce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Tolga Ergen , Mert Pilanci

Deep learning has been shown to achieve impressive results in several domains like computer vision and natural language processing. A key element of this success has been the development of new loss functions, like the popular cross-entropy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-19 Francesco Giannini , Giuseppe Marra , Michelangelo Diligenti , Marco Maggini , Marco Gori

Object grasping is a crucial technology enabling robots to perceive and interact with the environment sufficiently. However, in practical applications, researchers are faced with missing or noisy ground truth while training the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Yangfan Deng , Mengyao Zhang , Yong Zhao

Gradient descent has been a central training principle for artificial neural networks from the early beginnings to today's deep learning networks. The most common implementation is the backpropagation algorithm for training feed-forward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Stefan Jaeger

We examine gradient descent on unregularized logistic regression problems, with homogeneous linear predictors on linearly separable datasets. We show the predictor converges to the direction of the max-margin (hard margin SVM) solution. The…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-29 Daniel Soudry , Elad Hoffer , Mor Shpigel Nacson , Suriya Gunasekar , Nathan Srebro

As deep learning models continue to scale, the growing computational demands have amplified the need for effective coreset selection techniques. Coreset selection aims to accelerate training by identifying small, representative subsets of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Wei-Kai Chang , Rajiv Khanna

Neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial attacks: adding well-crafted, imperceptible perturbations to their input can modify their output. Adversarial training is one of the most effective approaches to training robust models against…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Hadi M. Dolatabadi , Sarah Erfani , Christopher Leckie

We investigate the topics of sensitivity and robustness in feedforward and convolutional neural networks. Combining energy landscape techniques developed in computational chemistry with tools drawn from formal methods, we produce empirical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-12-06 Timothy E. Wang , Yiming Gu , Dhagash Mehta , Xiaojun Zhao , Edgar A. Bernal

One of the mysteries in the success of neural networks is randomly initialized first order methods like gradient descent can achieve zero training loss even though the objective function is non-convex and non-smooth. This paper demystifies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-06 Simon S. Du , Xiyu Zhai , Barnabas Poczos , Aarti Singh