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We have developed x-ray diffraction measurements with high energy-resolution and accuracy to study water structure at three different temperatures (7, 25 and 66 C) under normal pressure. Using a spherically curved Ge crystal an energy…
Modern high-resolution microscopes, such as the scanning tunneling microscope, are commonly used to study specimens that have dense and aperiodic spatial structure. Extracting meaningful information from images obtained from such…
Light-matter interactions are of fundamental scientific and technological interest. Ultrafast electron microscopy and diffraction with combined femtosecond-nanometer resolution elucidate the laser-induced dynamics in structurally…
Two-dimensional disordered quantum antiferromagnets are studied by means of a continuum description in which disorder is introduced by a random distribution of couplings (spin stiffnesses) in the ordered phase of the Nonlinear Sigma Model.…
Ultrafast-optical-pump -- structural-probe measurements, including ultrafast electron and x-ray scattering, provide direct experimental access to the fundamental timescales of atomic motion, and are thus foundational techniques for studying…
Formulating order metrics that sensitively quantify the degree of order/disorder in many-particle systems in $d$-dimensional Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^d$ across length scales is an outstanding challenge in physics, chemistry, and…
More than two decades after the discovery of superconductivity in Sr$_2$RuO$_4$, it is still unclear whether the order parameter has a single component or two degenerate components. For any two-component scenario, application of uniaxial…
Consider the time-dependent problem of mass transfer of a solute between two phases and assume that the solute is initially distributed in one phase (phase 2) and absent from the other (phase 1). We desire the fraction of total solute…
We investigate the liquid state structure of the two-dimensional (2D) model introduced by Barkan et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 098304 (2014)], which exhibits quasicrystalline and other unusual solid phases, focussing on the radial…
When particles/molecules diffuse in systems that contain obstacles, the steady-state regime (during which the mean-square displacement scales linearly with time, $\left< r^2 \right> \sim t$) is preceded by a transient regime. It is common…
We formulate a scaling theory for the long-time diffusive motion in a space occluded by a high density of moving obstacles in dimensions 1, 2 and 3. Our tracers diffuse anomalously over many decades in time, before reaching a diffusive…
Amorphous solids exhibit structural short-range order despite lacking long-range crystalline order, with this structural descriptor found to be important for determining mechanical properties. Nanobeam electron diffraction offers a…
The ultrafast structure dynamics and surface transient electric field, which are concurrently induced by laser excited electrons of an aluminum nanofilm, have been investigated simultaneously by the same transmission electron diffraction…
From the spread of pollutants in the atmosphere to the transmission of nutrients across cell membranes, anomalous diffusion processes are ubiquitous in natural systems. The ability to understand and control the mechanisms guiding such…
The phase-ordering kinetics of the ferromagnetic two-dimensional Ising model with uniform bond disorder is investigated by intensive Monte Carlo simulations. Simple ageing behaviour is observed in the single-time correlator and the two-time…
Under decompression, disordered solids undergo an unjamming transition where they become under-coordinated and lose their structural rigidity. The mechanical and vibrational properties of these materials have been an object of theoretical,…
We solve a longstanding problem--determining structural information for disordered materials from their diffraction spectra--for the case of planar disorder in close-packed structures (CPSs). Our solution offers the most complete possible…
We give evidence of a clear structural signature of the glass transition, in terms of a static correlation length with the same dependence on the system size which is typical of critical phenomena. Our approach is to introduce an external,…
Ultrasound irradiation is a commonly used technique for non-destructive diagnostics or targeted destruction. We report on a new versatile sonication device that fits in a variety of standard sample environments for neutron and X-ray…
This paper explores the identification and estimation of nonseparable panel data models. We show that the structural function is nonparametrically identified when it is strictly increasing in a scalar unobservable variable, the conditional…