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The integration of Differential Privacy (DP) with diffusion models (DMs) presents a promising yet challenging frontier, particularly due to the substantial memorization capabilities of DMs that pose significant privacy risks. Differential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Yu-Lin Tsai , Yizhe Li , Zekai Chen , Po-Yu Chen , Chia-Mu Yu , Xuebin Ren , Francois Buet-Golfouse

Federated large language models (FedLLMs) enable cross-silo collaborative training among institutions while preserving data locality, making them appealing for privacy-sensitive domains such as law, finance, and healthcare. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Yingqi Hu , Zhuo Zhang , Jingyuan Zhang , Jinghua Wang , Qifan Wang , Lizhen Qu , Zenglin Xu

In the age of data-driven decision making, preserving privacy while providing personalized experiences has become paramount. Personalized Federated Learning (PFL) offers a promising framework by decentralizing the learning process, thus…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Kevin Cooper , Michael Geller

Data privacy and eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) are two important aspects for modern Machine Learning systems. To enhance data privacy, recent machine learning models have been designed as a Federated Learning (FL) system. On top…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Júlio Oliveira , Rodrigo Ferreira , André Riker , Glaucio H. S. Carvalho , Eirini Eleni Tsilopoulou

Federated learning (FL) enhanced by differential privacy has emerged as a popular approach to better safeguard the privacy of client-side data by protecting clients' contributions during the training process. Existing solutions typically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Junxu Liu , Jian Lou , Li Xiong , Jinfei Liu , Xiaofeng Meng

Federated Inference (FI) studies how independently trained and privately owned models can collaborate at inference time without sharing data or model parameters. While recent work has explored secure and distributed inference from disparate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Jungwon Seo , Ferhat Ozgur Catak , Chunming Rong , Jaeyeon Jang

Train machine learning models on sensitive user data has raised increasing privacy concerns in many areas. Federated learning is a popular approach for privacy protection that collects the local gradient information instead of real data.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Lichao Sun , Jianwei Qian , Xun Chen

In recent years, federated learning (FL) has emerged as a prominent paradigm in distributed machine learning. Despite the partial safeguarding of agents' information within FL systems, a malicious adversary can potentially infer sensitive…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-17 Zhenwei Huang , Wen Huang , Pratik Jawanpuria , Bamdev Mishra

This position paper investigates the integration of Differential Privacy (DP) in the training of Mixture of Experts (MoE) models within the field of natural language processing. As Large Language Models (LLMs) scale to billions of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Pierre Tholoniat , Huseyin A. Inan , Janardhan Kulkarni , Robert Sim

The superior performance of large foundation models relies on the use of massive amounts of high-quality data, which often contain sensitive, private and copyrighted material that requires formal protection. While differential privacy (DP)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Zhiqi Bu , Xinwei Zhang , Mingyi Hong , Sheng Zha , George Karypis

Differentially private (DP) decentralized Federated Learning (FL) allows local users to collaborate without sharing their data with a central server. However, accurately quantifying the privacy budget of private FL algorithms is challenging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Xiang Li , Buxin Su , Chendi Wang , Qi Long , Weijie J. Su

Key Information Extraction (KIE) from visually-rich documents (VrDs) is a critical task, for which recent Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multi-Modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated strong potential. However, their reliance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Xinzhong Wang , Ya Guo , Jing Li , Huan Chen , Yi Tu , Yijie Hong , Gongshen Liu , Huijia Zhu

Vertical Federated Learning (VFL) enables collaborative model training across organizations that share common user samples but hold disjoint feature spaces. Despite its potential, VFL is susceptible to feature inference attacks, in which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Sindhuja Madabushi , Ahmad Faraz Khan , Haider Ali , Ananthram Swami , Rui Ning , Hongyi Wu , Jin-Hee Cho

Designing privacy-preserving machine learning algorithms has received great attention in recent years, especially in the setting when the data contains sensitive information. Differential privacy (DP) is a widely used mechanism for data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Chunyang Liao , Deanna Needell , Hayden Schaeffer , Alexander Xue

Despite Federated Learning (FL) employing gradient aggregation at the server for distributed training to prevent the privacy leakage of raw data, private information can still be divulged through the analysis of uploaded gradients from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Tianzhe Xiao , Yichen Li , Yu Zhou , Yining Qi , Yi Liu , Wei Wang , Haozhao Wang , Yi Wang , Ruixuan Li

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) has become an essential strategy for adapting them to specialized tasks; however, this process introduces significant privacy challenges, as sensitive training data may be inadvertently memorized and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Hao Du , Shang Liu , Yang Cao

Generating differentially private (DP) synthetic data that closely resembles the original private data is a scalable way to mitigate privacy concerns in the current data-driven world. In contrast to current practices that train customized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zinan Lin , Sivakanth Gopi , Janardhan Kulkarni , Harsha Nori , Sergey Yekhanin

Small on-device models have been successfully trained with user-level differential privacy (DP) for next word prediction and image classification tasks in the past. However, existing methods can fail when directly applied to learn embedding…

Modern machine learning systems achieve great success when trained on large datasets. However, these datasets usually contain sensitive information (e.g. medical records, face images), leading to serious privacy concerns. Differentially…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Dihong Jiang , Guojun Zhang , Mahdi Karami , Xi Chen , Yunfeng Shao , Yaoliang Yu

As Edge Intelligence (EI) becomes increasingly prevalent in domains such as smart healthcare, manufacturing, and critical infrastructure, ensuring data privacy while maintaining system efficiency is a growing challenge. This paper presents…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Quoc Lap Trieu , Bahman Javadi , Jim Basilakis