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Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) was recently introduced as a regularization procedure for training deep neural networks. It simultaneously minimizes the fitness (or loss) function and the so-called fitness sharpness. The latter serves as…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Illya Bakurov , Nathan Haut , Wolfgang Banzhaf

Modern deep learning models are over-parameterized, where the optimization setup strongly affects the generalization performance. A key element of reliable optimization for these systems is the modification of the loss function.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Kayhan Behdin , Qingquan Song , Aman Gupta , David Durfee , Ayan Acharya , Sathiya Keerthi , Rahul Mazumder

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) generalization is known to be closely related to the flatness of minima, leading to the development of Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) for seeking flatter minima and better generalization. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Yun Yue , Jiadi Jiang , Zhiling Ye , Ning Gao , Yongchao Liu , Ke Zhang

The allure of superhuman-level capabilities has led to considerable interest in language models like GPT-3 and T5, wherein the research has, by and large, revolved around new model architectures, training tasks, and loss objectives, along…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Dara Bahri , Hossein Mobahi , Yi Tay

Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) is a recently proposed gradient-based optimizer (Foret et al., ICLR 2021) that greatly improves the prediction performance of deep neural networks. Consequently, there has been a surge of interest in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Yan Dai , Kwangjun Ahn , Suvrit Sra

Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) has recently emerged as an effective technique for improving DNN robustness to input variations. However, its interplay with the compactness requirements of on-device DNN deployments remains less explored.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Jialuo He , Huangxun Chen

Deep neural networks often suffer from poor generalization caused by complex and non-convex loss landscapes. One of the popular solutions is Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM), which smooths the loss landscape via minimizing the maximized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Peng Mi , Li Shen , Tianhe Ren , Yiyi Zhou , Xiaoshuai Sun , Rongrong Ji , Dacheng Tao

Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) has emerged as a promising alternative optimizer to stochastic gradient descent (SGD). The originally-proposed motivation behind SAM was to bias neural networks towards flatter minima that are believed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Jacob Mitchell Springer , Vaishnavh Nagarajan , Aditi Raghunathan

Sharpness-aware minimization (SAM) aims to improve the generalisation of gradient-based learning by seeking out flat minima. In this work, we establish connections between SAM and Mean-Field Variational Inference (MFVI) of neural network…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-20 Szilvia Ujváry , Zsigmond Telek , Anna Kerekes , Anna Mészáros , Ferenc Huszár

Effective clinical deployment of deep learning models in healthcare demands high generalization performance to ensure accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. In recent years, significant research has focused on improving the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-22 Mohamed Hassan , Aleksandar Vakanski , Min Xian

Recently, sharpness-aware minimization (SAM) has emerged as a promising method to improve generalization by minimizing sharpness, which is known to correlate well with generalization ability. Since the original proposal of SAM, many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Samuel Schapiro , Han Zhao

Recently, flat minima are proven to be effective for improving generalization and sharpness-aware minimization (SAM) achieves state-of-the-art performance. Yet the current definition of flatness discussed in SAM and its follow-ups are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Xingxuan Zhang , Renzhe Xu , Han Yu , Hao Zou , Peng Cui

Modern deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art performances but are typically over-parameterized. The over-parameterization may result in undesirably large generalization error in the absence of other customized training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Jiawei Du , Daquan Zhou , Jiashi Feng , Vincent Y. F. Tan , Joey Tianyi Zhou

Sharpness-aware minimization (SAM) improves generalization of various deep learning tasks. Motivated by popular architectures such as LoRA, we explore the implicit regularization of SAM for scale-invariant problems involving two groups of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Bingcong Li , Liang Zhang , Niao He

Multi-task learning (MTL) enables a joint model to capture commonalities across multiple tasks, reducing computation costs and improving data efficiency. However, a major challenge in MTL optimization is task conflicts, where the task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Hao Ban , Gokul Ram Subramani , Kaiyi Ji

Recently, sharpness-aware minimization (SAM) has attracted much attention because of its surprising effectiveness in improving generalization performance. However, compared to stochastic gradient descent (SGD), it is more prone to getting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Chengli Tan , Jiangshe Zhang , Junmin Liu , Yicheng Wang , Yunda Hao

The paper investigates the fundamental convergence properties of Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM), a recently proposed gradient-based optimization method [Foret et al., 2021] that significantly improves the generalization of deep neural…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-22 Pham Duy Khanh , Hoang-Chau Luong , Boris S. Mordukhovich , Dat Ba Tran

Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) is an optimization method that improves generalization performance of machine learning models. Despite its superior generalization, SAM has not been actively used in real-world applications due to its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Junhyuk Jo , Jihyun Lim , Sunwoo Lee

Deep neural networks often suffer from poor generalization due to complex and non-convex loss landscapes. Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) is a popular solution that smooths the loss landscape by minimizing the maximized change of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Peng Mi , Li Shen , Tianhe Ren , Yiyi Zhou , Tianshuo Xu , Xiaoshuai Sun , Tongliang Liu , Rongrong Ji , Dacheng Tao

Deformable registration is a fundamental task in medical image processing, aiming to achieve precise alignment by establishing nonlinear correspondences between images. Traditional methods offer good adaptability and interpretability but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Jing Hu , Kaiwei Yu , Hongjiang Xian , Shu Hu , Xin Wang