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Due to their interesting features, blockchains have become popular in recent years. They are full-stack systems where security is a critical factor for their success. The main focus of this work is to systematize knowledge about security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Ivan Homoliak , Sarad Venugopalan , Qingze Hum , Pawel Szalachowski

Bitcoin is the first successful decentralized global digital cash system. Its mining process requires intense computational resources, therefore its usefulness remains a disputable topic. We aim to solve three problems with Bitcoin and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-08-25 Alexander Chepurnoy , Mario Larangeira , Alexander Ojiganov

Blockchain technology has attracted tremendous attention in both academia and capital market. However, overwhelming speculations on thousands of available cryptocurrencies and numerous initial coin offering (ICO) scams have also brought…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-10-15 Wei Cai , Zehua Wang , Jason B. Ernst , Zhen Hong , Chen Feng , Victor C. M. Leung

As the significance of blockchain innovation grows and the focus on scalability intensifies, rollup technology has emerged as a promising approach to tackle these scalability concerns. Nonetheless, rollups encounter restrictions when…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Hyun Jeong , Hyemin Lee

Public blockchains should be able to scale with respect to the number of nodes and to the transactions workload. The blockchain scalability trilemma has been informally conjectured. This is related to scalability, security and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-06-08 Gianmaria Del Monte , Diego Pennino , Maurizio Pizzonia

Blockchain eliminates the need for trusted third-party intermediaries in business by enabling decentralised architecture design in software applications. However, the vulnerabilities in on-chain autonomous decision-makings and cumbersome…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Yue Liu , Qinghua Lu , Guangsheng Yu , Hye-Young Paik , Liming Zhu

Blockchains revolutionized centralized sectors like banking and finance by promoting decentralization and transparency. In a blockchain, information is transmitted through transactions issued by participants or applications. Miners…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Johnnatan Messias Peixoto Afonso

In recent years, blockchain technology has been recognized as a transformative innovation in the tech world, and it has quickly become the core infrastructure of digital currencies such as Bitcoin and an important tool in various…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Mohsen Ghorbian , Mostafa Ghobaei-Arani

Blockchain is one of the most popular topics for discussion now. However, most experts still see this technology as only part of Bitcoin, other crypto-currencies or money transfer systems. Often, new solutions, proposed by young…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-29 Sergii Kushch , Francisco Prieto-Castrillo

Accountability, the ability to provably identify protocol violators, gained prominence as the main economic argument for the security of proof-of-stake (PoS) protocols. Rollups, the most popular scaling solution for blockchains, typically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Ertem Nusret Tas , John Adler , Mustafa Al-Bassam , Ismail Khoffi , David Tse , Nima Vaziri

Blockchain has become a popular emergent technology in many industries. It is suitable for a broad range of applications, from its base role as an immutable distributed ledger to the deployment of distributed applications. Many…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Inwon Kang , Aparna Gupta , Oshani Seneviratne

The convergence of blockchain and the Internet of Things (IoT) enables secure, decentralised, and verifiable data exchange across distributed smart environments. However, traditional blockchain frameworks suffer from inherent scalability…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Hasan Mahmud Rhidoy , Mahdi H. Miraz , Iftekhar Salam

Machine learning has recently enabled large advances in artificial intelligence, but these tend to be highly centralized. The large datasets required are generally proprietary; predictions are often sold on a per-query basis; and published…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-18 Justin D. Harris , Bo Waggoner

Blockchain, as the basis for cryptocurrencies, has received extensive attentions recently. Blockchain serves as an immutable distributed ledger technology which allows transactions to be carried out credibly in a decentralized environment.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Min An , Qiyuan Fan , Hao Yu , Haiyang Zhao

Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies are gaining the interest of the academy, companies, and institutions. Nonetheless, the path toward blockchain adoption is not straightforward, as blockchain is a complex technology that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Vittorio Capocasale , Guido Perboli

As the cornerstone of blockchain, block synchronization plays a vital role in maintaining the security. Without full blockchain synchronization, unexpected forks will emerge and thus providing a breeding ground for various malicious…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Qin Hu , Minghui Xu , Shengling Wang , Shaoyong Guo

With the development of blockchain, the huge history data limits the scalability of the blockchain. This paper proposes to downsample these data to reduce the storage overhead of nodes. These nodes keep good independency, if downsampling…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-28 Qin Huang , Li Quan , Shengli Zhang

The past decade has witnessed the rapid evolution in blockchain technologies, which has attracted tremendous interests from both the research communities and industries. The blockchain network was originated from the Internet financial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-20 Wenbo Wang , Dinh Thai Hoang , Peizhao Hu , Zehui Xiong , Dusit Niyato , Ping Wang , Yonggang Wen , Dong In Kim

Blockchain or Distributed Ledger Technology is a disruptive technology that provides the infrastructure for developing decentralized applications enabling the implementation of novel business models even in traditionally centralized…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-22 Claudia Pop , Tudor Cioara , Ionut Anghel , Marcel Antal , Ioan Salomie

Blockchains have become immensely popular and are high on the list of national and international research and innovation agenda's. This is partly caused by the numerous interesting applications, combined with the promise of full…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Maarten van Steen , Andrew Chien , Patrick Eugster