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Since the release of ChatGPT and GPT-4, large language models (LLMs) and multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have attracted widespread attention for their exceptional capabilities in understanding, reasoning, and generation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Hanguang Xiao , Feizhong Zhou , Xingyue Liu , Tianqi Liu , Zhipeng Li , Xin Liu , Xiaoxuan Huang

The development of large language models (LLMs) has brought unprecedented possibilities for artificial intelligence (AI) based medical diagnosis. However, the application perspective of LLMs in real diagnostic scenarios is still unclear…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Zhoujian Sun , Cheng Luo , Ziyi Liu , Zhengxing Huang

The medical ecosystem consists of the training of new clinicians and researchers, the practice of clinical medicine, and areas of adjacent research. There are many aspects of these domains that could benefit from the application of task…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Elisha D. O. Roberson

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into medical applications has sparked widespread interest across the healthcare industry, from drug discovery and development to clinical decision support, assisting telemedicine, medical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Zifeng Wang , Hanyin Wang , Benjamin Danek , Ying Li , Christina Mack , Hoifung Poon , Yajuan Wang , Pranav Rajpurkar , Jimeng Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in role-playing scenarios, particularly in simulating domain-specific experts using tailored prompts. This ability enables LLMs to adopt the persona of individuals with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Xinyao Ma , Rui Zhu , Zihao Wang , Jingwei Xiong , Qingyu Chen , Haixu Tang , L. Jean Camp , Lucila Ohno-Machado

The potential use of large language models (LLMs) in healthcare robotics can help address the significant demand put on healthcare systems around the world with respect to an aging demographic and a shortage of healthcare professionals.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Souren Pashangpour , Goldie Nejat

Global rates of mental health concerns are rising, and there is increasing realization that existing models of mental health care will not adequately expand to meet the demand. With the emergence of large language models (LLMs) has come…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Hannah R. Lawrence , Renee A. Schneider , Susan B. Rubin , Maja J. Mataric , Daniel J. McDuff , Megan Jones Bell

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become valuable assets in mental health, showing promise in both classification tasks and counseling applications. This paper offers a perspective on using LLMs in mental health applications. It discusses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Shaoxiong Ji , Tianlin Zhang , Kailai Yang , Sophia Ananiadou , Erik Cambria

Recent advances in artificial intelligence, particularly large language models LLMs, have shown promising capabilities in transforming rare disease research. This survey paper explores the integration of LLMs in the analysis of rare…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Valentina Carbonari , Pierangelo Veltri , Pietro Hiram Guzzi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated surprising performance across various natural language processing tasks. Recently, medical LLMs enhanced with domain-specific knowledge have exhibited excellent capabilities in medical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Jinqiang Wang , Huansheng Ning , Yi Peng , Qikai Wei , Daniel Tesfai , Wenwei Mao , Tao Zhu , Runhe Huang

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as transformative tools in medicine, with strong capabilities in language understanding, reasoning, and structured information extraction. Radiation oncology is particularly well suited for LLM…

Access to accurate and actionable harm reduction information can directly impact the health outcomes of People Who Use Drugs (PWUD), yet existing online channels often fail to meet their diverse and dynamic needs due to limitations in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Kaixuan Wang , Jason T. Jacques , Chenxin Diao , Carl-Cyril J Dreue

The global mental health crisis is looming with a rapid increase in mental disorders, limited resources, and the social stigma of seeking treatment. As the field of artificial intelligence (AI) has witnessed significant advancements in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Neo Christopher Chung , George Dyer , Lennart Brocki

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming healthcare through the development of LLM-based agents that can understand, reason about, and assist with medical tasks. This survey provides a comprehensive review of LLM-based agents in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Wenxuan Wang , Zizhan Ma , Zheng Wang , Chenghan Wu , Jiaming Ji , Wenting Chen , Xiang Li , Yixuan Yuan

Large language models (LLMs) have been increasingly adopted to support patients' healthcare-seeking in recent years. While prior patient-centered studies have examined the capabilities and experience of LLM-based tools in specific…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Yancheng Cao , Yishu Ji , Chris Yue Fu , Sahiti Dharmavaram , Meghan Turchioe , Natalie C Benda , Lena Mamykina , Yuling Sun , Xuhai "Orson" Xu

Large language models (LLMs) show promise for improving the efficiency of qualitative analysis in large, multi-site health-services research. Yet methodological guidance for LLM integration into qualitative analysis and evidence of their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Sasha Ronaghi , Emma-Louise Aveling , Maria Levis , Rachel Lauren Ross , Emily Alsentzer , Sara Singer

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming artificial intelligence, enabling autonomous agents to perform diverse tasks across various domains. These agents, proficient in human-like text comprehension and generation, have the potential…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Saikat Barua

Large language models (LLMs) have immense potential to make information more accessible, particularly in medicine, where complex medical jargon can hinder patient comprehension of clinical notes. We developed a patient-facing tool using…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained significant attention in the medical domain for their human-level capabilities, leading to increased efforts to explore their potential in various healthcare applications. However, despite such a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Yifan Yang , Qiao Jin , Qingqing Zhu , Zhizheng Wang , Francisco Erramuspe Álvarez , Nicholas Wan , Benjamin Hou , Zhiyong Lu

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools with transformative potential across numerous domains, including healthcare and medicine. In the medical domain, LLMs hold promise for tasks ranging from clinical decision support…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Xiaolan Chen , Jiayang Xiang , Shanfu Lu , Yexin Liu , Mingguang He , Danli Shi