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The stringent requirements for low-latency and privacy of the emerging high-stake applications with intelligent devices such as drones and smart vehicles make the cloud computing inapplicable in these scenarios. Instead, edge machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Kai Yang , Tao Jiang , Yuanming Shi , Zhi Ding

Federated Learning (FL) incurs high communication overhead, which can be greatly alleviated by compression for model updates. Yet the tradeoff between compression and model accuracy in the networked environment remains unclear and, for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Laizhong Cui , Xiaoxin Su , Yipeng Zhou , Jiangchuan Liu

This paper investigates an OFDM-based over-the-air federated learning (OTA-FL) system, where multiple mobile devices, e.g., unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), transmit local machine learning (ML) models to a central parameter server (PS) for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-29 Xiaoyan Ma , Shahryar Zehtabi , Taejoon Kim , Christopher G. Brinton

Federated learning (FL) is an appealing approach to training machine learning models without sharing raw data. However, standard FL algorithms are iterative and thus induce a significant communication cost. One-shot federated learning (OFL)…

Over-the-air federated learning (OTA-FL) has emerged as an efficient mechanism that exploits the superposition property of the wireless medium and performs model aggregation for federated learning in the air. OTA-FL is naturally sensitive…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Jiayu Mao , Haibo Yang , Peiwen Qiu , Jia Liu , Aylin Yener

We study over-the-air (OTA) federated learning (FL) for energy harvesting devices with heterogeneous data distribution over wireless fading multiple access channel (MAC). To address the impact of low energy arrivals and data heterogeneity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Furkan Bagci , Busra Tegin , Mohammad Kazemi , Tolga M. Duman

Federated learning (FL) is a decentralized machine learning paradigm in which multiple clients collaboratively train a global model by exchanging only model updates with the central server without sharing the local data of the clients. Due…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Jonas Klotz , Barış Büyüktaş , Begüm Demir

Federated learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving distributed machine learning paradigm that operates at the wireless edge. It enables clients to collaborate on model training while keeping their data private from adversaries and the central…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Wayne Lemieux , Raphael Pinard , Mitra Hassani

Federated learning (FL) is one of the popular distributed machine learning (ML) solutions but incurs significant communication and computation costs at edge devices. Federated split learning (FSL) can train sub-models in parallel and reduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Yujia Mu , Cong Shen

Federated learning (FL) is emerging as a new paradigm to train machine learning models in distributed systems. Rather than sharing, and disclosing, the training dataset with the server, the model parameters (e.g. neural networks weights and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-27 Stefano Savazzi , Monica Nicoli , Vittorio Rampa

In this paper, we develop an orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing (OFDM)-based over-the-air (OTA) aggregation solution for wireless federated learning (FL). In particular, the local gradients in massive IoT devices are modulated by an…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-28 Huayan Guo , Yifan Zhu , Haoyu Ma , Vincent K. N. Lau , Kaibin Huang , Xiaofan Li , Huabin Nong , Mingyu Zhou

With the explosive growth of data and wireless devices, federated learning (FL) over wireless medium has emerged as a promising technology for large-scale distributed intelligent systems. Yet, the urgent demand for ubiquitous intelligence…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-09 Chenxi Zhong , Huiyuan Yang , Xiaojun Yuan

The large communication and computation overhead of federated learning (FL) is one of the main challenges facing its practical deployment over resource-constrained clients and systems. In this work, SpaFL: a communication-efficient FL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Minsu Kim , Walid Saad , Merouane Debbah , Choong Seon Hong

In this paper, a new communication-efficient federated learning (FL) framework is proposed, inspired by vector quantized compressed sensing. The basic strategy of the proposed framework is to compress the local model update at each device…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Yongjeong Oh , Yo-Seb Jeon , Mingzhe Chen , Walid Saad

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning framework that inherently allows edge devices to maintain their local training data, thus providing some level of privacy. However, FL's model updates still pose a risk of privacy…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Jiayu Mao , Tongxin Yin , Aylin Yener , Mingyan Liu

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across various tasks. Yet, fine-tuning such massive models in federated learning (FL) settings poses significant challenges due to resource constraints and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Bumjun Kim , Wan Choi

With huge amounts of data explosively increasing in the mobile edge, over-the-air federated learning (OA-FL) emerges as a promising technique to reduce communication costs and privacy leak risks. However, when devices in a relatively large…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-26 Xiangyu Zhong , Xiaojun Yuan , Huiyuan Yang , Chenxi Zhong

Federated learning (FL) is a new paradigm to train AI models over distributed edge devices (i.e., workers) using their local data, while confronting various challenges including communication resource constraints, edge heterogeneity and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Qianpiao Ma , Junlong Zhou , Xiangpeng Hou , Jianchun Liu , Hongli Xu , Jianeng Miao , Qingmin Jia

The rapid proliferation and growth of artificial intelligence (AI) has led to the development of federated learning (FL). FL allows wireless devices (WDs) to cooperatively learn by sharing only local model parameters, without needing to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-22 Zihao Hu , Jia Yan , Ying-Jun Angela Zhang , Jun Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

Vertical federated learning (FL) is a collaborative machine learning framework that enables devices to learn a global model from the feature-partition datasets without sharing local raw data. However, as the number of the local intermediate…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Yuanming Shi , Shuhao Xia , Yong Zhou , Yijie Mao , Chunxiao Jiang , Meixia Tao