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The information bottleneck (IB) method offers an attractive framework for understanding representation learning, however its applications are often limited by its computational intractability. Analytical characterization of the IB method is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Vudtiwat Ngampruetikorn , David J. Schwab

Recent advances in learning-based methods have markedly enhanced the capabilities of image compression. However, these methods struggle with high bit-depth volumetric medical images, facing issues such as degraded performance, increased…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-24 Kai Wang , Yuanchao Bai , Daxin Li , Deming Zhai , Junjun Jiang , Xianming Liu

The quest for incremental unified multimodal anomaly detection seeks to empower a single model with the ability to systematically detect anomalies across all categories and support incremental learning to accommodate emerging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Kaifang Long , Lianbo Ma , Jiaqi Liu , Liming Liu , Guoyang Xie

Math Word Problems (MWP) aims to automatically solve mathematical questions given in texts. Previous studies tend to design complex models to capture additional information in the original text so as to enable the model to gain more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Jing Xiong , Chengming Li , Min Yang , Xiping Hu , Bin Hu

In many applications, it is desirable to extract only the relevant aspects of data. A principled way to do this is the information bottleneck (IB) method, where one seeks a code that maximizes information about a 'relevance' variable, Y,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-10-27 Matthew Chalk , Olivier Marre , Gasper Tkacik

In recent years deep neural networks have been successfully applied to the domains of reinforcement learning \cite{bengio2009learning,krizhevsky2012imagenet,hinton2006reducing}. Deep reinforcement learning \cite{mnih2015human} is reported…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Huihui Zhang , Wu Huang

One major challenge of disentanglement learning with variational autoencoders is the trade-off between disentanglement and reconstruction fidelity. Previous studies, which increase the information bottleneck during training, tend to lose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Jiantao Wu , Shentong Mo , Xiang Yang , Muhammad Awais , Sara Atito , Xingshen Zhang , Lin Wang , Xiang Yang

Information Bottlenecks (IBs) learn representations that generalize to unseen data by information compression. However, existing IBs are practically unable to guarantee generalization in real-world scenarios due to the vacuous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Yilin Lyu , Xin Liu , Mingyang Song , Xinyue Wang , Yaxin Peng , Tieyong Zeng , Liping Jing

Deep learning (DL) models require extensive data to achieve strong performance and generalization. Deep generative models (DGMs) offer a solution by synthesizing data. Yet current approaches for tabular data often fail to preserve feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Minh H. Vu , Daniel Edler , Carl Wibom , Tommy Löfstedt , Beatrice Melin , Martin Rosvall

Multi-view (or -modality) representation learning aims to understand the relationships between different view representations. Existing methods disentangle multi-view representations into consistent and view-specific representations by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Guanzhou Ke , Yang Yu , Guoqing Chao , Xiaoli Wang , Chenyang Xu , Shengfeng He

Despite their great success, there is still no comprehensive theoretical understanding of learning with Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) or their inner organization. Previous work proposed to analyze DNNs in the \textit{Information Plane}; i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-02 Ravid Shwartz-Ziv , Naftali Tishby

Image classification models tend to make decisions based on peripheral attributes of data items that have strong correlation with a target variable (i.e., dataset bias). These biased models suffer from the poor generalization capability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Jungsoo Lee , Eungyeup Kim , Juyoung Lee , Jihyeon Lee , Jaegul Choo

The Information Bottleneck (IB) is a method of lossy compression of relevant information. Its rate-distortion (RD) curve describes the fundamental tradeoff between input compression and the preservation of relevant information embedded in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Shlomi Agmon

Existing methods for anomaly detection often fall short due to their inability to handle the complexity, heterogeneity, and high dimensionality inherent in real-world mobility data. In this paper, we propose DeepBayesic, a novel framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Minxuan Duan , Yinlong Qian , Lingyi Zhao , Zihao Zhou , Zeeshan Rasheed , Rose Yu , Khurram Shafique

The information bottleneck (IB) method is a technique designed to extract meaningful information related to one random variable from another random variable, and has found extensive applications in machine learning problems. In this paper,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Lingyi Chen , Shitong Wu , Sicheng Xu , Huihui Wu , Wenyi Zhang

Dataset condensation has significantly improved model training efficiency, but its application on devices with different computing power brings new requirements for different data sizes. Thus, condensing multiple scale graphs simultaneously…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Xingcheng Fu , Yisen Gao , Beining Yang , Yuxuan Wu , Haodong Qian , Qingyun Sun , Xianxian Li

The Information Bottleneck (IB) objective uses information theory to formulate a task-performance versus robustness trade-off. It has been successfully applied in the standard discriminative classification setting. We pose the question…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-13 Lynton Ardizzone , Radek Mackowiak , Carsten Rother , Ullrich Köthe

This paper proposes a deep representation learning using an information-theoretic loss with an aim to increase the inter-class distances as well as within-class similarity in the embedded space. Tasks such as anomaly and out-of-distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Shin Ando

Information bottleneck (IB) is a paradigm to extract information in one target random variable from another relevant random variable, which has aroused great interest due to its potential to explain deep neural networks in terms of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Lingyi Chen , Shitong Wu , Wenhao Ye , Huihui Wu , Hao Wu , Wenyi Zhang , Bo Bai , Yining Sun

Finding disentangled representation plays a predominant role in the success of modern deep learning applications, but the results lack a straightforward explanation. Here we apply the information bottleneck method and its $\beta$-VAE…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-07-01 Dongchen Huang , Danqing Hu , Yi-feng Yang