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We present experimental results and theoretical methods for the precise determination of the presence and the number of persons in an observed area by using Wi-Fi signals. Our setup does not require active cooperation of persons present in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-12 Dario Jukić , Silvije Domazet , Ante Ivanko , David Raca , Siniša Nikolić , Marin Knežević , Filip Jović , Nenad Raca , Hrvoje Buljan

In this paper, we propose a methodology for estimating the crowd speed using WiFi devices without relying on people to carry any device. Our approach not only enables speed estimation in the region where WiFi links are, but also in the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-02-01 Saandeep Depatla , Yasamin Mostofi

Breath analysis has emerged as a critical tool in health monitoring, offering insights into respiratory function, disease detection, and continuous health assessment. While traditional contact-based methods are reliable, they often pose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Almustapha A. Wakili , Babajide J. Asaju , Woosub Jung

Human Activity Recognition (HAR) is the identification and classification of static and dynamic human activities, which find applicability in domains like healthcare, entertainment, security, and cyber-physical systems. Traditional HAR…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-27 Nuno Paulino , Mariana Oliveira , Francisco Ribeiro , Luís Outeiro , Pedro A. Lopes , Francisco Vilarinho , Sofia Inácio , Luís M. Pessoa

Cough is a protective reflex conveying information on the state of the respiratory system. Cough assessment has been limited so far to subjective measurement tools or uncomfortable (i.e., non-wearable) cough monitors. This limits the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-04 Jesús Monge-Alvarez , Carlos Hoyos-Barceló , Luis M. San-José-Revuelta , Pablo Casaseca-de-la-Higuera

Fine-grained person perception such as body segmentation and pose estimation has been achieved with many 2D and 3D sensors such as RGB/depth cameras, radars (e.g., RF-Pose) and LiDARs. These sensors capture 2D pixels or 3D point clouds of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-02 Fei Wang , Sanping Zhou , Stanislav Panev , Jinsong Han , Dong Huang

Continuous contactless respiration monitoring of co-sleeping subjects faces a dilemma: conventional single-site multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radars struggle with limited angular resolution for closely spaced individuals, while…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-15 Lang Qin , Mandong Zhang , Wenting Song , Zhiqiang Huang , Xiaoguang Liu

The application of psychophysiology in human-computer interaction is a growing field with significant potential for future smart personalised systems. Working in this emerging field requires comprehension of an array of physiological…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2016-09-13 Ilkka Kosunen , Benjamin Cowley

Healthcare monitoring is crucial, especially for the daily care of elderly individuals living alone. It can detect dangerous occurrences, such as falls, and provide timely alerts to save lives. Non-invasive millimeter wave (mmWave)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Zhanzhong Gu , Xiangjian He , Gengfa Fang , Chengpei Xu , Feng Xia , Wenjing Jia

Wi-Fi devices, akin to passive radars, can discern human activities within indoor settings due to the human body's interaction with electromagnetic signals. Current Wi-Fi sensing applications predominantly employ data-driven learning…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-09 Marco Cominelli , Francesco Gringoli , Lance M. Kaplan , Mani B. Srivastava , Trevor Bihl , Erik P. Blasch , Nandini Iyer , Federico Cerutti

Information about the spatiotemporal flow of humans within an urban context has a wide plethora of applications. Currently, although there are many different approaches to collect such data, there lacks a standardized framework to analyze…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Zann Koh , Yuren Zhou , Billy Pik Lik Lau , Chau Yuen , Bige Tuncer , Keng Hua Chong

As robots become increasingly prevalent in both homes and industrial settings, the demand for intuitive and efficient human-machine interaction continues to rise. Gesture recognition offers an intuitive control method that does not require…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Yuqing Song , Cesare Tonola , Stefano Savazzi , Sanaz Kianoush , Nicola Pedrocchi , Stephan Sigg

Beam tracking is an essential functionality of millimeter wave (mmWave, 30-100 GHz) and sub-terahertz (sub-THz, 100-300 GHz) 5G/6G systems. It operates by performing antenna sweeping at both base station (BS) and user equipment (UE) sides…

WiFi sensing based on channel state information (CSI) collected from commodity WiFi devices has shown great potential across a wide range of applications, including vital sign monitoring and indoor localization. Existing WiFi sensing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-14 Ruiqi Kong , He Chen

The morphology and velocity of the pulse wave in the arteries provide meaningful information about the cardiovascular system. Nowadays, the pulse wave is usually acquired using common blood pressure cuffs at the extremities. This work…

Medical Physics · Physics 2019-03-01 Roman Kusche , Turner Adornetto , Paula Klimach , Martin Ryschka

Respiration is a critical vital sign for infants, and continuous respiratory monitoring is particularly important for newborns. However, neonates are sensitive and contact-based sensors present challenges in comfort, hygiene, and skin…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-26 Sai Kumar Reddy Manne , Shaotong Zhu , Sarah Ostadabbas , Michael Wan

The process of human speech production involves coordinated respiratory action to elicit acoustic speech signals. Typically, speech is produced when air is forced from the lungs and is modulated by the vocal tract, where such actions are…

This article is a position paper which introduces the paradigm of ``Massive Wireless Human Sensing'', i.e. an infrastructure for wireless human sensing based on a plethora of heterogeneous wireless communication signals. More specifically,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Mauro De Sanctis

Remote monitoring of vital signs in infectious patients minimizes the risks of viral transmissions to healthcare professionals. Evidence indicates that donning face masks reduces the risk of viral transmissions and is now the norm in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-16 Vivian Ci Ai Koh , Yi Yang Ang , Wee Ser , Rex Xiao Tan

Gait velocity has been consistently shown to be an important indicator and predictor of health status, especially in older adults. It is often assessed clinically, but the assessments occur infrequently and do not allow optimal detection of…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-12-02 Rajib Rana , Daniel Austin , Peter G. Jacobs , Mohanraj Karunanithi , Jeffrey Kaye