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Related papers: Use Your INSTINCT: INSTruction optimization for LL…

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Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) has achieved remarkable success across various NLP tasks, but the substantial memory overhead during backpropagation remains a critical bottleneck, especially as model scales grow. Zeroth-order (ZO)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Feihu Jin , Shipeng Cen , Ying Tan

In recent years, the growing interest in Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly advanced prompt engineering, transitioning from manual design to model-based optimization. Prompts for LLMs generally comprise two components: the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Qinhao Zhou , Xiang Xiang , Kun He , John E. Hopcroft

Recent advances have shown that optimizing prompts for Large Language Models (LLMs) can significantly improve task performance, yet many optimization techniques rely on heuristics or manual exploration. We present LatentPrompt, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Mateusz Bystroński , Grzegorz Piotrowski , Nitesh V. Chawla , Tomasz Kajdanowicz

Modern optimization in experimental chemistry employs algorithmic search through black-box parameter spaces. Here we demonstrate that pre-trained knowledge in large language models (LLMs) fundamentally changes this paradigm. Using six fully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Robert MacKnight , Jose Emilio Regio , Jeffrey G. Ethier , Luke A. Baldwin , Gabe Gomes

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across diverse domains, due to their strong instruction-following capabilities. This has led to increasing interest in optimizing instructions for black-box LLMs, whose internal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Jaewon Chu , Seunghun Lee , Hyunwoo J. Kim

This paper presents AutoHint, a novel framework for automatic prompt engineering and optimization for Large Language Models (LLM). While LLMs have demonstrated remarkable ability in achieving high-quality annotation in various tasks, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Hong Sun , Xue Li , Yinchuan Xu , Youkow Homma , Qi Cao , Min Wu , Jian Jiao , Denis Charles

Query optimization is essential for efficient SQL query execution in DBMS, and remains attractive over time due to the growth of data volumes and advances in hardware. Existing traditional optimizers struggle with the cumbersome hand-tuning…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Suchen Liu , Jun Gao , Yinjun Han , Yang Lin

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a powerful approach for optimizing complex and expensive-to-evaluate black-box functions. Its importance is underscored in many applications, notably including hyperparameter tuning, but its efficacy depends on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Tennison Liu , Nicolás Astorga , Nabeel Seedat , Mihaela van der Schaar

Lightweight Large Language Models (LwLLMs) are reduced-parameter, optimized models designed to run efficiently on consumer-grade hardware, offering significant advantages in resource efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and data privacy.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Hongming Yang , Shi Lin , Jun Shao , Changting Lin , Donghai Zhu , Meng Han , Qinglei Kong

The rapid advancement in large language models (LLMs) has brought forth a diverse range of models with varying capabilities that excel in different tasks and domains. However, selecting the optimal LLM for user queries often involves a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Yang Li

Instruction Tuning (IT) has been proven to be an effective approach to unlock the powerful capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Recent studies indicate that excessive IT data can degrade LLMs performance, while carefully selecting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Xin Chen , Junchao Wu , Shu Yang , Runzhe Zhan , Zeyu Wu , Min Yang , Shujian Huang , Lidia S. Chao , Derek F. Wong

Transformer-based language models, though not explicitly trained to mimic brain recordings, have demonstrated surprising alignment with brain activity. Progress in these models-through increased size, instruction-tuning, and…

In this work, we introduce instruction finetuning for Neural Machine Translation (NMT) models, which distills instruction following capabilities from Large Language Models (LLMs) into orders-of-magnitude smaller NMT models. Our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Vikas Raunak , Roman Grundkiewicz , Marcin Junczys-Dowmunt

Bayesian optimization (BO), which uses a Gaussian process (GP) as a surrogate to model its objective function, is popular for black-box optimization. However, due to the limitations of GPs, BO underperforms in some problems such as those…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Zhongxiang Dai , Yao Shu , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low , Patrick Jaillet

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved great success in many real-world applications, especially the one serving as the cognitive backbone of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) to orchestrate complex workflows in practice. Since many deployment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Zhi Hong , Qian Zhang , Jiahang Sun , Zhiwei Shang , Mingze Kong , Xiangyi Wang , Yao Shu , Zhongxiang Dai

Contextual bandits are widely-used in the study of learning-based control policies for finite action spaces. While the problem is well-studied for bandits with perfectly observed context vectors, little is known about the case of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-03 Hongju Park , Mohamad Kazem Shirani Faradonbeh

Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly those similar to ChatGPT, have significantly influenced the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). While these models excel in general language tasks, their performance in domain-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Omid Rohanian , Mohammadmahdi Nouriborji , David A. Clifton

Mastering a skill generally relies on both hands-on experience from doers and insightful, high-level guidance by mentors. Will this strategy also work well for solving complex non-convex optimization problems? Here, a common gradient-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Zixian Guo , Ming Liu , Zhilong Ji , Jinfeng Bai , Yiwen Guo , Wangmeng Zuo

We present substantial evidence demonstrating the benefits of integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) with a Contextual Multi-Armed Bandit framework. Contextual bandits have been widely used in recommendation systems to generate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Parand A. Alamdari , Yanshuai Cao , Kevin H. Wilson

Prompt engineering, as an efficient and effective way to leverage Large Language Models (LLM), has drawn a lot of attention from the research community. The existing research primarily emphasizes the importance of adapting prompts to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Yuyan Chen , Zhihao Wen , Ge Fan , Zhengyu Chen , Wei Wu , Dayiheng Liu , Zhixu Li , Bang Liu , Yanghua Xiao