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Understanding the origin of comets requires knowledge of how the Solar System formed from a cloud of dust and gas 4.567 Gyr ago. Here, a review is presented of how the remnants of this formation process, meteorites and to a lesser extent…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-04 Bernard Marty , Katherine R. Bermingham , Larry R. Nittler , Sean N. Raymond

The practical distinctions between asteroids and comets, viewed as products of accretion on either side of the snow line, are less clear-cut than previously understood. In this chapter, we discuss the numerous solar system populations which…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-06 David Jewitt , Henry H. Hsieh

Asteroid families form as a result of large-scale collisions among main belt asteroids. The orbital distribution of fragments after a family-forming impact could inform us about their ejection velocities. Unfortunately, however, orbits…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-16 Valerio Carruba , David Nesvorný

In studies of the oldest solar system bodies - comets and asteroids - it is their fragments - meteoroids - that provide the most accessible planetary material for detailed laboratory analysis in the form of dust particles or meteorites.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-22 Pavol Matlovič , Juraj Tóth

Recent exoplanet observations reported a large number of multiple-planet systems, in which some of the planets are in a chain of resonances. The fraction of resonant systems to non-resonant systems provides clues about their formation…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-22 Yuji Matsumoto , Masahiro Ogihara

The thermal properties of the surfaces of asteroids determine the magnitude of the drift rate cause by the Yarkovsky force. In the general case of Main Belt asteroids, the Yarkovsky force is indirectly proportional to the thermal inertia,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-11 Bryce T. Bolin , Alessandro Morbidelli , Kevin J. Walsh

In this work we aim to constrain the slope of the size distribution of main-belt asteroids, at their primordial state. To do so we turn out attention to the part of the main asteroid belt between 2.82 and 2.96~AU, the so-called "pristine…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-08 Georgios Tsirvoulis , Alessandro Morbidelli , Marco Delbo , Kleomenis Tsiganis

The relationship between stars and planets provides important information for understanding the interior composition, mineralogy, and overall classification of small planets (R $\lesssim$ 3.5R$_{\oplus}$). Since stars and planets are formed…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-12 Natalie R. Hinkel , Edward D. Young

V-type asteroids, characterized by two absorption bands at 1.0 and 2.0 $\mu m$, are usually thought to be portions of the crust of differentiated or partially differentiated bodies. Most V-type asteroids are found in the inner main belt and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Mariela E. Huaman , Valerio Carruba , Rita Cassia Domingos

How do galaxies move relative to one another? While we can examine the motion of dark matter subhalos around their hosts in simulations of structure formation, determining the orbits of satellites around their parent galaxies from…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-10-21 David Hendel , Kathryn V. Johnston

Thermal inertia determines the temperature distribution over the surface of an asteroid and therefore governs the magnitude the Yarkovsky effect. The latter causes gradual drifting of the orbits of km-sized asteroids and plays an important…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Marco Delbo , Aldo Dell'oro , Alan W. Harris , Stefano Mottola , Michael Mueller

Observed planetary debris in white dwarf atmospheres predominately originate from the destruction of small bodies on highly eccentric ($>0.99$) orbits. Despite their importance, these minor planets have coupled physical and orbital…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 Valeri V. Makarov , Dimitri Veras

Interplanetary dust in the inner solar system originates from multiple sources, including short-period comets and main-belt asteroids. In this work, we focus specifically on the dynamical evolution of asteroid-derived dust using N-body…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-13 Aanchal Sahu , Jayesh Pabari

Debris disks are tenuous, dust-dominated disks commonly observed around stars over a wide range of ages. Those around main sequence stars are analogous to the Solar System's Kuiper Belt and Zodiacal light. The dust in debris disks is…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-17 A. Meredith Hughes , Gaspard Duchene , Brenda Matthews

Although petrologic, chemical and isotopic studies of ordinary chondrites and meteorites in general have largely helped establish a chronology of the earliest events of planetesimal formation and their evolution, there are several questions…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 P. Vernazza , B. Zanda , R. P. Binzel , T. Hiroi , F. E. DeMeo , M. Birlan , R. Hewins , L. Ricci , P. Barge , M. Lockhart

Differentiated asteroids are rare in the main asteroid belt despite evidence for ~100 distinct differentiated bodies in the meteorite record. We have sought to understand why so few main-belt asteroids differentiated and where those…

Asteroids can be considered as sources of contamination of point sources and also sources of confusion noise, depending whether their presence is detected in the image or their flux is under the detection limit. We estimate that at low…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Gy. M. Szabo , A. E. Simon

While of order a million asteroids have been discovered, the number in rigorously controlled samples that have precise orbits and rotation periods, as well as well-measured colors, is relatively small. In particular, less than a dozen…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Andrew Gould , Jennifer C. Yee

The distribution of asteroid sizes by semimajor axes and the distribution of the number of asteroids by albedo values for separate families are used to selection the asteroid families more clearly. An analysis of the families identified by…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-10 A. M. Kazantsev , L. V. Kazantseva

We review the state of knowledge on the origin of Earth's water. Empirical constraints come from chemical and isotopic measurements of solar system bodies and of Earth itself. Dynamical models have revealed pathways for water delivery to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-15 Karen Meech , Sean N. Raymond