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Deep Neural Networks have become the dominant solution for Autonomous Driving perception, but their opacity conflicts with emerging Trustworthy AI guidelines and complicates safety assurance, debugging, and human oversight. While…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Till Beemelmanns , Shayan Sharifi , Manas Mehrotra , Ayushman Choudhuri , Lutz Eckstein

Despite their impact on the society, deep neural networks are often regarded as black-box models due to their intricate structures and the absence of explanations for their decisions. This opacity poses a significant challenge to AI systems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Biagio La Rosa

In recent years, the use of sophisticated statistical models that influence decisions in domains of high societal relevance is on the rise. Although these models can often bring substantial improvements in the accuracy and efficiency of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Alfredo Carrillo , Luis F. Cantú , Alejandro Noriega

With the ongoing development of deep learning, an increasing number of AI models have surpassed the performance levels of human clinical practitioners. However, the prevalence of AI diagnostic products in actual clinical practice remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Chenglong Wang , Yinqiao Yi , Yida Wang , Chengxiu Zhang , Yun Liu , Kensaku Mori , Mei Yuan , Guang Yang

Neural networks have achieved remarkable success across various fields. However, the lack of interpretability limits their practical use, particularly in critical decision-making scenarios. Post-hoc interpretability, which provides…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Yang Ji , Ying Sun , Yuting Zhang , Zhigaoyuan Wang , Yuanxin Zhuang , Zheng Gong , Dazhong Shen , Chuan Qin , Hengshu Zhu , Hui Xiong

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been shown to outperform traditional machine learning algorithms in a broad variety of application domains due to their effectiveness in modeling complex problems and handling high-dimensional datasets. Many…

Black-box deep neural networks excel in text classification, yet their application in high-stakes domains is hindered by their lack of interpretability. To address this, we propose Text Bottleneck Models (TBM), an intrinsically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Josh Magnus Ludan , Qing Lyu , Yue Yang , Liam Dugan , Mark Yatskar , Chris Callison-Burch

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have had many successes, but they suffer from two major issues: (1) a vulnerability to adversarial examples and (2) a tendency to elude human interpretation. Interestingly, recent empirical and theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Adam Noack , Isaac Ahern , Dejing Dou , Boyang Li

In the context of deep learning research, where model introductions continually occur, the need for effective and efficient evaluation remains paramount. Existing methods often emphasize accuracy metrics, overlooking stability. To address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Wei Dai , Daniel Berleant

To plan safe maneuvers and act with foresight, autonomous vehicles must be capable of accurately predicting the uncertain future. In the context of autonomous driving, deep neural networks have been successfully applied to learning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Salar Arbabi , Davide Tavernini , Saber Fallah , Richard Bowden

Modern data analytics underpinned by machine learning techniques has become a key enabler to the automation of data-led decision making. As an important branch of state-of-the-art data analytics, business process predictions are also faced…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Chun Ouyang , Renuka Sindhgatta , Catarina Moreira

The importance of explainability in machine learning continues to grow, as both neural-network architectures and the data they model become increasingly complex. Unique challenges arise when a model's input features become high dimensional:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Damien de Mijolla , Christopher Frye , Markus Kunesch , John Mansir , Ilya Feige

The interpretability of ML models is important, but it is not clear what it amounts to. So far, most philosophers have discussed the lack of interpretability of black-box models such as neural networks, and methods such as explainable AI…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Tim Räz

Unsupervised learning allows us to leverage unlabelled data, which has become abundantly available, and to create embeddings that are usable on a variety of downstream tasks. However, the typical lack of interpretability of unsupervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Gregory Scafarto , Madalina Ciortan , Simon Tihon , Quentin Ferre

Many machine learning algorithms rely on iterative updates of uncertainty representations, ranging from variational inference and expectation-maximization, to reinforcement learning, continual learning, and multi-agent learning. In the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Michele Caprio , Siu Lun Chau , Krikamol Muandet

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) has shown remarkable success in complex domains, however, the inherent black box nature of deep neural network policies raises significant challenges in understanding and trusting the decision-making…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Peilang Li , Umer Siddique , Yongcan Cao

As the use of deep learning techniques has grown across various fields over the past decade, complaints about the opaqueness of the black-box models have increased, resulting in an increased focus on transparency in deep learning models.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Siwen Luo , Hamish Ivison , Caren Han , Josiah Poon

We introduce TabRepo, a new dataset of tabular model evaluations and predictions. TabRepo contains the predictions and metrics of 1310 models evaluated on 200 classification and regression datasets. We illustrate the benefit of our dataset…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-27 David Salinas , Nick Erickson

Interpretable machine learning has become a strong competitor for traditional black-box models. However, the possible loss of the predictive performance for gaining interpretability is often inevitable, putting practitioners in a dilemma of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-13 Tong Wang , Qihang Lin

The last decade has seen tremendous progress in AI technology and applications. With such widespread adoption, ensuring the reliability of the AI models is crucial. In past, we took the first step of creating a testing framework called…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Swagatam Haldar , Deepak Vijaykeerthy , Diptikalyan Saha