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The redshifted 21-cm signal from the Cosmic Dawn and Epoch of Reionization carries invaluable information about the cosmology and astrophysics of the early Universe. Analyzing data from a sky-averaged 21-cm signal experiment requires…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-16 Anchal Saxena , P. Daniel Meerburg , Christoph Weniger , Eloy de Lera Acedo , Will Handley

We explore likelihood-free (aka simulation-based) Bayesian model selection to quantify model comparison analyses of reionisation scenarios. We iteratively train the 3D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) on four toy EoR models based on…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-13 T. Binnie , Xiaosheng Zhao , J. R. Pritchard , Yi Mao

As a result of our limited data on reionization, the total optical depth for electron scattering, $\tau$, limits precision measurements of cosmological parameters from the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). It was recently shown that the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-27 Anastasia Fialkov , Abraham Loeb

Tomography of redshifted 21 cm transition from neutral Hydrogen using Fourier synthesis telescopes is a promising tool to study the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). Limiting the confusion from Galactic and Extragalactic foregrounds is critical…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Harish Vedantham , N. Udaya Shankar , Ravi Subrahmanyan

Measurements of 21 cm Epoch of Reionization (EoR) structure are subject to systematics originating from both the analysis and the observation conditions. Using 2013 data from the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA), we show the importance of…

Interpreting 21cm measurements from current and upcoming experiments like HERA and the SKA will provide new scientific insights and exciting implications for astrophysics and cosmology regarding the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). Several…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-03 Yihao Zhou , Paul La Plante

Due to the non-linear ionizing and heating processes, the 21-cm signals from epoch of reionization (EoR) are expected to have strong non-Gaussian fluctuations. In this paper, we use the semi-numerical simulations to study the non-Gaussian…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-24 Qing-Bo Ma , Ling Peng

The Cosmic Dawn was marked by the formation of the first stars, and preceded the Epoch of Reionization (EoR), when the Universe underwent a fundamental transformation caused by the radiation from these first stars and galaxies.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-04 Oscar Sage David O'Hara , Fred Dulwich , Eloy de Lera Acedo , Jiten Dhandha , Thomas Gessey-Jones , Dominic Anstey , Anastasia Fialkov

We study the spherically averaged bispectrum of the 21-cm signal from the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). This metric provides a quantitative measurement of the level of non-Gaussianity of the signal which is expected to be high. We focus on…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-22 Rajesh Mondal , Garrelt Mellema , Abinash Kumar Shaw , Mohd Kamran , Suman Majumdar

We present a detailed comparison of three different simulations of the epoch of reionization (EoR). The radiative transfer simulation (${\rm C}^2$-RAY) among them is our benchmark. Radiative transfer codes can produce realistic results, but…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-08-07 Suman Majumdar , Garrelt Mellema , Kanan K. Datta , Hannes Jensen , T. Roy Choudhury , Somnath Bharadwaj , Martina M. Friedrich

The Epoch of Reionization (EoR) began when galaxies grew in abundance and luminosity, so their escaping Lyman continuum (LyC) radiation started ionizing the surrounding neutral intergalactic medium (IGM). Despite significant recent…

The 21 cm transition from neutral Hydrogen promises to be the best observational probe of the Epoch of Reionisation (EoR). This has led to the construction of low-frequency radio interferometric arrays, such as the Hydrogen Epoch of…

The non-Gaussian nature of the epoch of reionization (EoR) 21-cm signal has a significant impact on the error variance of its power spectrum $P({\bf \textit{k}})$. We have used a large ensemble of semi-numerical simulations and an…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-26 Rajesh Mondal , Somnath Bharadwaj , Suman Majumdar

We present a halo-model-based approach to calculate the cross-correlation between $\rm{21\,cm}$ HI intensity fluctuations and $\rm{Ly}\alpha$ emitters (LAE) during the epoch of reionization (EoR). Ionizing radiation around dark matter halos…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-06 Chang Feng , Asantha Cooray , Brian Keating

Recent theoretical developments for observing the Epoch of Reionization (EOR) have concentrated on the power spectrum signature of redshifted 21 cm emission. These studies have demonstrated the great potential of statistical EOR…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Miguel F. Morales

The three-point correlation function (3PCF) of the 21cm brightness temperature from the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) probes complementary information to the commonly studied two-point correlation function (2PCF) about the morphology of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-19 Kai Hoffmann , Yi Mao , Jiachuan Xu , Houjun Mo , Benjamin D. Wandelt

Precise subtraction of foreground sources is crucial for detecting and estimating 21cm HI signals from the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). We quantify how imperfect point source subtraction due to limitations of the measurement dataset yields…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Cathryn M. Trott , Randall B. Wayth , Steven J. Tingay

The information regarding how the intergalactic medium is reionized by astrophysical sources is contained in the tomographic three-dimensional 21 cm images from the epoch of reionization. In Zhao et al. (2022a) ("Paper I"), we demonstrated…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-12 Xiaosheng Zhao , Yi Mao , Shifan Zuo , Benjamin D. Wandelt

The Epoch of Reionization (EoR) is the epoch in which hydrogen in the Universe reionize after the "Dark Ages". This is the second of two major phase transitions that hydrogen in the Universe underwent, the first phase being the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-02-16 Saleem Zaroubi

While limited to low spatial resolution, the next generation low-frequency radio interferometers that target 21 cm observations during the era of reionization and prior will have instantaneous fields-of-view that are many tens of square…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 M. G. Santos , L. Ferramacho , M. B. Silva , A. Amblard , A. Cooray