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Diffusion Models (DMs) have achieved remarkable progress in generative modeling. However, the mismatch between the forward terminal distribution and reverse initial distribution introduces prior error, leading to deviations of sampling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Zhanpeng Wang , Shenghao Li , Jiameng Che , Chen Wang , Shangling Jui , Na Lei , Zhongxuan Luo

The unsupervised task of aligning two or more distributions in a shared latent space has many applications including fair representations, batch effect mitigation, and unsupervised domain adaptation. Existing flow-based approaches estimate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Zeyu Zhou , Ziyu Gong , Pradeep Ravikumar , David I. Inouye

Recent studies have demonstrated the vulnerability of deep convolutional neural networks against adversarial examples. Inspired by the observation that the intrinsic dimension of image data is much smaller than its pixel space dimension and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-19 Yao Li , Martin Renqiang Min , Wenchao Yu , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Thomas C. M. Lee , Erik Kruus

Optimal Transport (OT) is being widely used in various fields such as machine learning and computer vision, as it is a powerful tool for measuring the similarity between probability distributions and histograms. In previous studies, OT has…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-17 Yasunori Akagi , Yusuke Tanaka , Tomoharu Iwata , Takeshi Kurashima , Hiroyuki Toda

Given samples from two joint distributions, we consider the problem of Optimal Transportation (OT) between them when conditioned on a common variable. We focus on the general setting where the conditioned variable may be continuous, and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Piyushi Manupriya , Rachit Keerti Das , Sayantan Biswas , Saketha Nath Jagarlapudi

Optimal Transport (OT) naturally arises in many machine learning applications, yet the heavy computational burden limits its wide-spread uses. To address the scalability issue, we propose an implicit generative learning-based framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-26 Yujia Xie , Minshuo Chen , Haoming Jiang , Tuo Zhao , Hongyuan Zha

Optimal Transport is a foundational mathematical theory that connects optimization, partial differential equations, and probability. It offers a powerful framework for comparing probability distributions and has recently become an important…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-13 Gabriel Peyré

Optimal transport (OT) has become exceedingly popular in machine learning, data science, and computer vision. The core assumption in the OT problem is the equal total amount of mass in source and target measures, which limits its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Yikun Bai , Berhnard Schmitzer , Mathew Thorpe , Soheil Kolouri

We study the use of amortized optimization to predict optimal transport (OT) maps from the input measures, which we call Meta OT. This helps repeatedly solve similar OT problems between different measures by leveraging the knowledge and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Brandon Amos , Samuel Cohen , Giulia Luise , Ievgen Redko

In this work, we develop an optimal transport (OT) based framework to select informative prototypical examples that best represent a given target dataset. Summarizing a given target dataset via representative examples is an important…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Karthik S. Gurumoorthy , Pratik Jawanpuria , Bamdev Mishra

The goal of this paper is to introduce a new theoretical framework for Optimal Transport (OT), using the terminology and techniques of Fully Probabilistic Design (FPD). Optimal Transport is the canonical method for comparing probability…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Sarah Boufelja Y. , Anthony Quinn , Martin Corless , Robert Shorten

Vision-language pre-training (VLP) models demonstrate impressive abilities in processing both images and text. However, they are vulnerable to multi-modal adversarial examples (AEs). Investigating the generation of high-transferability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Dongchen Han , Xiaojun Jia , Yang Bai , Jindong Gu , Yang Liu , Xiaochun Cao

Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) aims to transfer knowledge from a labeled source domain to an unlabeled target domain. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach called class-aware optimal transport (OT), which measures the OT…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Tuan Nguyen , Van Nguyen , Trung Le , He Zhao , Quan Hung Tran , Dinh Phung

In many machine learning applications, it is necessary to meaningfully aggregate, through alignment, different but related datasets. Optimal transport (OT)-based approaches pose alignment as a divergence minimization problem: the aim is to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-11-05 John Lee , Max Dabagia , Eva L. Dyer , Christopher J. Rozell

Optimal Transport (OT) has recently emerged as a powerful framework for learning minimal-displacement maps between distributions. The predominant approach involves a neural parametrization of the Monge formulation of OT, typically assuming…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Athina Sotiropoulou , David Alvarez-Melis

The Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) framework is a well-established paradigm for probability matching and realistic sample generation. While recent attention has been devoted to studying the theoretical properties of such models, a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-30 Giulia Luise , Massimiliano Pontil , Carlo Ciliberto

Alignment plays a fundamental role in many machine learning problems, such as multi-network analysis, multimodal learning, and point cloud registration. Recent works increasingly leverage optimal transport (OT) for distributional alignment,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Qi Yu , Ruizhong Qiu , Zhichen Zeng , My T. Thai , Huan Liu , Hanghang Tong

Optimal Transport (OT) distances such as Wasserstein have been used in several areas such as GANs and domain adaptation. OT, however, is very sensitive to outliers (samples with large noise) in the data since in its objective function,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Yogesh Balaji , Rama Chellappa , Soheil Feizi

The time-fractional optimal transport (OT) and mean-field planning (MFP) models are developed to describe the anomalous transport of the agents in a heterogeneous environment such that their densities are transported from the initial…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-09-06 Yiqun Li , Hong Wang , Wuchen Li

Optimal transport (OT) is a widely used technique in machine learning, graphics, and vision that aligns two distributions or datasets using their relative geometry. In symmetry-rich settings, however, OT alignments based solely on pairwise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Annabel Ma , Kaiying Hou , David Alvarez-Melis , Melanie Weber