Related papers: Apex Graphs and Cographs
A graph $G$ is $H$-free if it does not contain an induced subgraph isomorphic to $H$. The study of the typical structure of $H$-free graphs was initiated by Erd\H{o}s, Kleitman and Rothschild, who have shown that almost all $C_3$-free…
Nordhaus and Gaddum proved in 1956 that the sum of the chromatic number $\chi$ of a graph $G$ and its complement is at most $|G|+1$. The Nordhaus-Gaddum graphs are the class of graphs satisfying this inequality with equality, and are…
Given a graph G, of arbitrary size and unbounded vertex degree, denote by |G| the one-complex associated with $G$. The topological space |G| is n-arc connected (n-ac) if every set of no more than n points of |G| are contained in an arc (a…
A labelling of a graph is an assignment of labels to its vertex or edge sets (or both), subject to certain conditions, a well established concept. A labelling of a graph G of order n is termed a numbering when the set of integers {1,...,n}…
A vertex $v$ of a connected graph $G$ is said to be a boundary vertex of $G$ if for some other vertex $u$ of $G$, no neighbor of $v$ is further away from $u$ than $v$. The boundary $\partial(G)$ of $G$ is the set of all of its boundary…
We call a class $\mathcal{M}$ of matroids hereditary if it is closed under flats. We denote by $\mathcal{M}^{ext}$ the class of matroids $M$ that is in $\mathcal{M}$, or has an element $e$ such that $M \backslash e$ is in $\mathcal{M}$. We…
Given a finite set of $2$-edge-coloured graphs $\mathcal F$ and a hereditary property of graphs $\mathcal{P}$, we say that $\mathcal F$ expresses $\mathcal{P}$ if a graph $G$ has the property $\mathcal{P}$ if and only if it admits a…
A functor from the category of directed trees with inclusions to the category of commutative C*-algebras with injective *-homomorphisms is constructed. This is used to define a functor from the category of directed graphs with inclusions to…
Can the vertices of a graph $G$ be partitioned into $A \cup B$, so that $G[A]$ is a line-graph and $G[B]$ is a forest? Can $G$ be partitioned into a planar graph and a perfect graph? The NP-completeness of these problems are just special…
Given $k$ graphs $G_{1}, \ldots, G_{k}$, their intersection is the graph $(\cap_{i\in [k]}V(G_{i}), \cap_{i\in [k]}E(G_{i}))$. Given $k$ graph classes $\mathcal{G}_{1}, \ldots , \mathcal{G}_{k}$, we call the class $\{G: \forall i \in[k],…
Given a graph $G=(V,E)$, a subset $X$ of $V$ is an interval of $G$ provided that for any $a, b\in X$ and $ x\in V \setminus X$, $\{a,x\}\in E$ if and only if $\{b,x\}\in E$. For example, $\emptyset$, $\{x\}(x\in V)$ and $V$ are intervals of…
For finite q, we classify the countable, descendant-homogeneous digraphs in which the descendant set of any vertex is a q-valent tree. We also give conditions on a rooted digraph G which allow us to construct a countable…
We completely determine the complexity status of the dominating set problem for hereditary graph classes defined by forbidden induced subgraphs with at most five vertices.
A geometric graph is a graph drawn in the plane so that its vertices and edges are represented by points in general position and straight line segments, respectively. A vertex of a geometric graph is called pointed if it lies outside of the…
A vertex whose removal in a graph $G$ increases the number of components of $G$ is called a cut vertex. For all $n,c$, we determine the maximum number of connected induced subgraphs in a connected graph with order $n$ and $c$ cut vertices,…
A hereditary class of graphs $\mathcal{G}$ is \emph{$\chi$-bounded} if there exists a function $f$ such that every graph $G \in \mathcal{G}$ satisfies $\chi(G) \leq f(\omega(G))$, where $\chi(G)$ and $\omega(G)$ are the chromatic number and…
A graph $G$ is $d$-degenerate if every non-null subgraph of $G$ has a vertex of degree at most $d$. We prove that every $n$-vertex planar graph has a $3$-degenerate induced subgraph of order at least $3n/4$.
We say a class $\mathcal{C}$ of graphs is clean if for every positive integer $t$ there exists a positive integer $w(t)$ such that every graph in $\mathcal{C}$ with treewidth more than $w(t)$ contains an induced subgraph isomorphic to one…
Let $G$ be a finite group. The \textit{commuting/nilpotent/solvable conjugacy class graph} ($\Gamma_{CCC}(G)$, $\Gamma_{NCC}(G)$, or $\Gamma_{SCC}(G)$) is a simple graph whose vertex set consists of all non-central conjugacy classes of $G$.…
A self-contained graph is an infinite graph which is isomorphic to one of its proper induced subgraphs. In this paper, these graphs are studied by presenting some examples and defining some of their sub-structures such as removable…