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The rapid proliferation of speech-enabled technologies, including virtual assistants, video conferencing platforms, and wearable devices, has raised significant privacy concerns, particularly regarding the inference of sensitive emotional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Mohd. Farhan Israk Soumik , W. K. M. Mithsara , Abdur R. Shahid , Ahmed Imteaj

The misuse of Large Language Models (LLMs) to infer emotions from text for malicious purposes, known as emotion inference attacks, poses a significant threat to user privacy. In this paper, we investigate the potential of Apple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Mohd. Farhan Israk Soumik , Syed Mhamudul Hasan , Abdur R. Shahid

Large language models (LLMs) have been proven capable of memorizing their training data, which can be extracted through specifically designed prompts. As the scale of datasets continues to grow, privacy risks arising from memorization have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Zhenhong Zhou , Jiuyang Xiang , Chaomeng Chen , Sen Su

The de-identification of private information in medical data is a crucial process to mitigate the risk of confidentiality breaches, particularly when patient personal details are not adequately removed before the release of medical records.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Guanchen Wu , Linzhi Zheng , Han Xie , Zhen Xiang , Jiaying Lu , Darren Liu , Delgersuren Bold , Bo Li , Xiao Hu , Carl Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT and Bard, have revolutionized natural language understanding and generation. They possess deep language comprehension, human-like text generation capabilities, contextual awareness, and robust…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Yifan Yao , Jinhao Duan , Kaidi Xu , Yuanfang Cai , Zhibo Sun , Yue Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are powerful tools for natural language processing, enabling novel applications and user experiences. However, to achieve optimal performance, LLMs often require adaptation with private data, which poses privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Rui Wen , Tianhao Wang , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang , Ahmed Salem

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) raises privacy concerns due to the risk of exposing sensitive training data. Federated learning (FL) mitigates this risk by keeping training samples on local devices, while facing the following…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Zhichao You , Xuewen Dong , Ke Cheng , Xutong Mu , Jiaxuan Fu , Shiyang Ma , Qiang Qu , Yulong Shen

Prompt serves as a crucial link in interacting with large language models (LLMs), widely impacting the accuracy and interpretability of model outputs. However, acquiring accurate and high-quality responses necessitates precise prompts,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Xiongtao Sun , Gan Liu , Zhipeng He , Hui Li , Xiaoguang Li

We demonstrate that it is possible to train large recurrent language models with user-level differential privacy guarantees with only a negligible cost in predictive accuracy. Our work builds on recent advances in the training of deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-27 H. Brendan McMahan , Daniel Ramage , Kunal Talwar , Li Zhang

Concerns regarding Large Language Models (LLMs) to memorize and disclose private information, particularly Personally Identifiable Information (PII), become prominent within the community. Many efforts have been made to mitigate the privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Ruizhe Chen , Tianxiang Hu , Yang Feng , Zuozhu Liu

Large language models (LLMs) are used to generate content for a wide range of tasks, and are set to reach a growing audience in coming years due to integration in product interfaces like ChatGPT or search engines like Bing. This intensifies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Hannah Rose Kirk , Bertie Vidgen , Paul Röttger , Scott A. Hale

Language models (LMs) rely on their parametric knowledge augmented with relevant contextual knowledge for certain tasks, such as question answering. However, the contextual knowledge can contain private information that may be leaked when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-17 James Flemings , Bo Jiang , Wanrong Zhang , Zafar Takhirov , Murali Annavaram

Large language models (LLMs), especially those based on the Transformer architecture, have had a profound impact on various aspects of daily life, such as natural language processing, content generation, research methodologies, and more.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Yeqi Gao , Zhao Song , Xin Yang , Yufa Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks in recent years. However, their universal nature poses limitations in scenarios requiring personalized responses, such as recommendation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Stanisław Woźniak , Bartłomiej Koptyra , Arkadiusz Janz , Przemysław Kazienko , Jan Kocoń

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into cyber security applications presents both opportunities and critical safety risks. We introduce CyberLLMInstruct, a dataset of 54,928 pseudo-malicious instruction-response pairs spanning…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Adel ElZemity , Budi Arief , Shujun Li

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a notable field, attracting significant attention for its ability to automatically generate intelligent contents for various application domains. However, LLMs still suffer from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Kongyang Chen , Zixin Wang , Bing Mi , Waixi Liu , Shaowei Wang , Xiaojun Ren , Jiaxing Shen

Privacy policies are widely used by digital services and often required for legal purposes. Many machine learning based classifiers have been developed to automate detection of different concepts in a given privacy policy, which can help…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Yuxin Chen , Peng Tang , Weidong Qiu , Shujun Li

Fine-tuning large language models on private data for downstream applications poses significant privacy risks in potentially exposing sensitive information. Several popular community platforms now offer convenient distribution of a large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Md Rafi Ur Rashid , Jing Liu , Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Shagufta Mehnaz , Ye Wang

Free-text crash narratives recorded in real-world crash databases have been shown to play a significant role in improving traffic safety. However, large-scale analyses remain difficult to implement as there are no documented tools that can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Xixi Wang , Jordanka Kovaceva , Miguel Costa , Shuai Wang , Francisco Camara Pereira , Robert Thomson

Process mining is increasingly using textual information associated with events to tackle tasks such as anomaly detection and process discovery. Such semantics-aware process mining focuses on what behavior should be possible in a process…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Vira Pyrih , Adrian Rebmann , Han van der Aa
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