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Unseen shifts in environment dynamics, driven by hidden parameters such as friction or gravity, create a challenge for maintaining safety. We address this challenge by proposing Adaptive Shielding, a framework for safe reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Minjae Kwon , Tyler Ingebrand , Ufuk Topcu , Lu Feng

We establish strong duality relations for functional two-step compositional risk-constrained learning problems with multiple nonconvex loss functions and/or learning constraints, regardless of nonconvexity and under a minimal set of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Dionysis Kalogerias , Spyridon Pougkakiotis

Distributional robustness is a promising framework for training deep learning models that are less vulnerable to adversarial examples and data distribution shifts. Previous works have mainly focused on exploiting distributional robustness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Van-Anh Nguyen , Trung Le , Anh Tuan Bui , Thanh-Toan Do , Dinh Phung

Reinforcement learning has been successfully used to solve difficult tasks in complex unknown environments. However, these methods typically do not provide any safety guarantees during the learning process. This is particularly problematic,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-02 Torsten Koller , Felix Berkenkamp , Matteo Turchetta , Joschka Boedecker , Andreas Krause

We investigate the problem of synthesizing distributionally robust control policies for stochastic systems under safety and reach-avoid specifications. Using a game-theoretical framework, we consider the setting where the probability…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-04 Yu Chen , Yuda Li , Shaoyuan Li , Xiang Yin

For highly automated driving above SAE level~3, behavior generation algorithms must reliably consider the inherent uncertainties of the traffic environment, e.g. arising from the variety of human driving styles. Such uncertainties can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Julian Bernhard , Stefan Pollok , Alois Knoll

Bilevel reinforcement learning (RL), which features intertwined two-level problems, has attracted growing interest recently. The inherent non-convexity of the lower-level RL problem is, however, to be an impediment to developing bilevel…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-02-28 Yan Yang , Bin Gao , Ya-xiang Yuan

We develop a control algorithm that ensures the safety, in terms of confinement in a set, of a system with unknown, 2nd-order nonlinear dynamics. The algorithm establishes novel connections between data-driven and robust, nonlinear control.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-17 Christos K. Verginis , Franck Djeumou , Ufuk Topcu

The performance of learning models often deteriorates when deployed in out-of-sample environments. To ensure reliable deployment, we propose a stability evaluation criterion based on distributional perturbations. Conceptually, our stability…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-07 Jose Blanchet , Peng Cui , Jiajin Li , Jiashuo Liu

When deployed in the real world, machine learning models inevitably encounter changes in the data distribution, and certain -- but not all -- distribution shifts could result in significant performance degradation. In practice, it may make…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-06 Aleksandr Podkopaev , Aaditya Ramdas

This paper proposes a safe reinforcement learning algorithm for generation bidding decisions and unit maintenance scheduling in a competitive electricity market environment. In this problem, each unit aims to find a bidding strategy that…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-21 Pegah Rokhforoz , Olga Fink

The problem of designing learners that provide guarantees that their predictions are provably correct is of increasing importance in machine learning. However, learning theoretic guarantees have only been considered in very specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Maria-Florina Balcan , Steve Hanneke , Rattana Pukdee , Dravyansh Sharma

This paper presents a distributionally robust Q-Learning algorithm (DrQ) which leverages Wasserstein ambiguity sets to provide idealistic probabilistic out-of-sample safety guarantees during online learning. First, we follow past work by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Aaron Kandel , Scott J. Moura

In recent years, Multi-Task Learning (MTL) has attracted much attention due to its good performance in many applications. However, many existing MTL models cannot guarantee that their performance is no worse than their single-task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Zhixiong Yue , Feiyang Ye , Yu Zhang , Christy Liang , Ivor W. Tsang

Practitioners often face the challenge of deploying prediction models in new environments with shifted distributions of covariates and responses. With observational data, such shifts are often driven by unobserved confounding, and can in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Kulunu Dharmakeerthi , YoonHaeng Hur , Tengyuan Liang

Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO) provides a framework for decision-making under distributional uncertainty, yet its effectiveness can be compromised by outliers in the training data. This paper introduces a principled approach to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Shuyao Li , Ilias Diakonikolas , Jelena Diakonikolas

Mainstream approximate action-value iteration reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms suffer from overestimation bias, leading to suboptimal policies in high-variance stochastic environments. Quantile-based action-value iteration methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Clinton Enwerem , Aniruddh G. Puranic , John S. Baras , Calin Belta

We propose a scalable robust learning algorithm combining kernel smoothing and robust optimization. Our method is motivated by the convex analysis perspective of distributionally robust optimization based on probability metrics, such as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Jia-Jie Zhu , Christina Kouridi , Yassine Nemmour , Bernhard Schölkopf

Distribution shifts are ubiquitous in real-world machine learning applications, posing a challenge to the generalization of models trained on one data distribution to another. We focus on scenarios where data distributions vary across…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-05 Steven Wilkins-Reeves , Xu Chen , Qi Ma , Christine Agarwal , Aude Hofleitner

Safety-critical applications require controllers/policies that can guarantee safety with high confidence. The control barrier function is a useful tool to guarantee safety if we have access to the ground-truth system dynamics. In practice,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Athindran Ramesh Kumar , Sulin Liu , Jaime F. Fisac , Ryan P. Adams , Peter J. Ramadge
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