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We introduce the Flow Stochastic Segmentation Network (Flow-SSN), a generative segmentation model family featuring discrete-time autoregressive and modern continuous-time flow variants. We prove fundamental limitations of the low-rank…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Fabio De Sousa Ribeiro , Omar Todd , Charles Jones , Avinash Kori , Raghav Mehta , Ben Glocker

Recent advances in protein backbone generation have achieved promising results under structural, functional, or physical constraints. However, existing methods lack the flexibility for precise topology control, limiting navigation of the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Zhengxi Lu , Shizhuo Cheng , Yuru Jiang , Yan Zhang , Min Zhang

Molecular 3D conformations play a key role in determining how molecules interact with other molecules or protein surfaces. Recent deep learning advancements have improved conformation prediction, but slow training speeds and difficulties in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Qingwen Tian , Yuxin Xu , Yixuan Yang , Zhen Wang , Ziqi Liu , Pengju Yan , Xiaolin Li

Over the past decade, advances in generative modeling, such as generative adversarial networks, masked autoencoders, and diffusion models, have significantly transformed biological research and discovery, enabling breakthroughs in molecule…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Zihao Li , Zhichen Zeng , Xiao Lin , Feihao Fang , Yanru Qu , Zhe Xu , Zhining Liu , Xuying Ning , Tianxin Wei , Ge Liu , Hanghang Tong , Jingrui He

Designing novel functional proteins crucially depends on accurately modeling their fitness landscape. Given the limited availability of functional annotations from wet-lab experiments, previous methods have primarily relied on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Zuobai Zhang , Pascal Notin , Yining Huang , Aurélie Lozano , Vijil Chenthamarakshan , Debora Marks , Payel Das , Jian Tang

Among these, D-peptides are resistant to proteolysis, exhibit greater in vivo stability, and are easier to synthesize. Despite advances in deep learning for peptide discovery, the scarcity of natural D-protein data limits the transfer of…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Fang Wu , Shuting Jin , Xiangru Tang , Junlin Xu , Mark Gerstein , James Zou

De novo functional protein design aims to generate protein sequences that realize specified biochemical functions without relying on evolutionary templates, enabling broad applications in biotechnology and medicine. Existing approaches…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-05 Xinrui Chen , Yizhen Luo , Siqi Fan , Zaiqing Nie

Flow matching has recently emerged as a principled framework for learning continuous-time transport maps, enabling efficient ODE-based sampling without relying on stochastic diffusion processes. While generative modeling has shown promise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Zhi Chen , Runze Hu , Le Zhang

Generative modeling has become a central paradigm in protein research, extending machine learning beyond structure prediction toward sequence design, backbone generation, inverse folding, and biomolecular interaction modeling. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Senura Hansaja Wanasekara , Minh-Duong Nguyen , Xiaochen Liu , Nguyen H. Tran , Ken-Tye Yong

Nature creates diverse proteins through a 'divide and assembly' strategy. Inspired by this idea, we introduce ProteinWeaver, a two-stage framework for protein backbone design. Our method first generates individual protein domains and then…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-11-28 Yiming Ma , Fei Ye , Yi Zhou , Zaixiang Zheng , Dongyu Xue , Quanquan Gu

The advent of deep learning has introduced efficient approaches for de novo protein sequence design, significantly improving success rates and reducing development costs compared to computational or experimental methods. However, existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Yutong Hu , Yang Tan , Andi Han , Lirong Zheng , Liang Hong , Bingxin Zhou

Determining the binding pose of a ligand to a protein, known as molecular docking, is a fundamental task in drug discovery. Generative approaches promise faster, improved, and more diverse pose sampling than physics-based methods, but are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Alvaro Prat , Leo Zhang , Charlotte M. Deane , Yee Whye Teh , Garrett M. Morris

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) provides high-dimensional profiles of cellular states, enabling data-driven modeling of cellular dynamics over time. In practice, time-resolved scRNA-seq is collected at only a few discrete time points…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Siyu Pu , Qingqing Long , Xiaohan Huang , Haotian Chen , Jiajia Wang , Meng Xiao , Xiao Luo , Hengshu Zhu , Yuanchun Zhou , Xuezhi Wang

Flow matching has emerged as a simulation-free alternative to diffusion-based generative modeling, producing samples by solving an ODE whose time-dependent velocity field is learned along an interpolation between a simple source…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-10 Shivam Kumar , Yixin Wang , Lizhen Lin

The generation of accurate 3D molecular conformations is a pivotal challenge in computational chemistry and drug discovery. Recently, diffusion and flow matching models have achieved remarkable success. However, there is a critical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yunqing Liu , Yi Zhou , Wenqi Fan

Modeling 4D scenes requires capturing both spatial structure and temporal motion, which is challenging due to the need for physically consistent representations of complex rigid and non-rigid motions. Existing approaches mainly rely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Weidong Qiao , Wangmeng Zuo , Hui Li

Flow Matching has emerged as a powerful framework for learning continuous transformations between distributions, enabling high-fidelity generative modeling. This work introduces Symmetrical Flow Matching (SymmFlow), a new formulation that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Francisco Caetano , Christiaan Viviers , Peter H. N. De With , Fons van der Sommen

In recent years, deep learning techniques have made significant strides in molecular generation for specific targets, driving advancements in drug discovery. However, existing molecular generation methods present significant limitations:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Taojie Kuang , Qianli Ma , Athanasios V. Vasilakos , Yu Wang , Qiang , Cheng , Zhixiang Ren

Data heterogeneity hinders clinical deployment of medical image analysis models, and generative data augmentation helps mitigate this issue. However, recent diffusion-based methods that synthesize image-mask pairs often ignore distribution…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-06 Jie Yang , Ziqi Ye , Aihua Ke , Jian Luo , Bo Cai , Xiaosong Wang

Diffusion- and flow-based generative models have recently demonstrated strong performance in protein backbone generation tasks, offering unprecedented capabilities for de novo protein design. However, while achieving notable performance in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Liyang Xie , Haoran Zhang , Zhendong Wang , Wesley Tansey , Mingyuan Zhou
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