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Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents can solve diverse tasks but often exhibit unsafe behavior. Constrained Markov Decision Processes (CMDPs) address this by enforcing safety constraints, yet existing methods either sacrifice reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Nikola Milosevic , Johannes Müller , Nico Scherf

We present an algorithm for robust model predictive control with consideration of uncertainty and safety constraints. Our framework considers a nonlinear dynamical system subject to disturbances from an unknown but bounded uncertainty set.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-04-23 Dongchan Lee , Konstantin Turitsyn , Jean-Jacques Slotine

Robotic systems are more present in our society everyday. In human-robot environments, it is crucial that end-users may correctly understand their robotic team-partners, in order to collaboratively complete a task. To increase action…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Francisco Cruz , Richard Dazeley , Peter Vamplew , Ithan Moreira

In robotic deformable object manipulation (DOM) applications, constraints arise commonly from environments and task-specific requirements. Enabling DOM with constraints is therefore crucial for its deployment in practice. However, dealing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Jing Huang , Xiangyu Chu , Xin Ma , Kwok Wai Samuel Au

An outstanding challenge for the widespread deployment of robotic systems like autonomous vehicles is ensuring safe interaction with humans without sacrificing performance. Existing safety methods often neglect the robot's ability to learn…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Haimin Hu , Zixu Zhang , Kensuke Nakamura , Andrea Bajcsy , Jaime F. Fisac

An agent must try new behaviors to explore and improve. In high-stakes environments, an agent that violates safety constraints may cause harm and must be taken offline, curtailing any future interaction. Imitating old behavior is safe, but…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Drew Prinster , Clara Fannjiang , Ji Won Park , Kyunghyun Cho , Anqi Liu , Suchi Saria , Samuel Stanton

We present a method for learning to satisfy uncertain constraints from demonstrations. Our method uses robust optimization to obtain a belief over the potentially infinite set of possible constraints consistent with the demonstrations, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Glen Chou , Necmiye Ozay , Dmitry Berenson

This paper proposes a formal robot motion risk reasoning framework and develops a risk-aware path planner that minimizes the proposed risk. While robots locomoting in unstructured or confined environments face a variety of risk, existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-09-12 Xuesu Xiao , Jan Dufek , Robin Murphy

Variable autonomy equips a system, such as a robot, with mixed initiatives such that it can adjust its independence level based on the task's complexity and the surrounding environment. Variable autonomy solves two main problems in robotic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Georgios Bakirtzis , Manolis Chiou , Andreas Theodorou

Motion planning under sensing uncertainty is critical for robots in unstructured environments to guarantee safety for both the robot and any nearby humans. Most work on planning under uncertainty does not scale to high-dimensional robots…

Intelligent robots and machines are becoming pervasive in human populated environments. A desirable capability of these agents is to respond to goal-oriented commands by autonomously constructing task plans. However, such autonomy can add…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-04-14 Yu Zhang , Sarath Sreedharan , Anagha Kulkarni , Tathagata Chakraborti , Hankz Hankui Zhuo , Subbarao Kambhampati

We consider the human-aware task planning problem where a human-robot team is given a shared task with a known objective to achieve. Recent approaches tackle it by modeling it as a team of independent, rational agents, where the robot plans…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Anthony Favier , Shashank Shekhar , Rachid Alami

This paper addresses semantic planning problems in unknown environments under perceptual uncertainty. The environment contains multiple unknown semantically labeled regions or objects, and the robot must reach desired locations while…

Although learning-based methods have great potential for robotics, one concern is that a robot that updates its parameters might cause large amounts of damage before it learns the optimal policy. We formalize the idea of safe learning in a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-05-17 David Held , Zoe McCarthy , Michael Zhang , Fred Shentu , Pieter Abbeel

This paper proposes risk-averse and risk-agnostic formulations to robust design in which solutions that satisfy the system requirements for a set of scenarios are pursued. These scenarios, which correspond to realizations of uncertain…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-07 Luis G. Crespo , Bret Stanford , Natalia Alexandrov

Planning in environments with other agents whose future actions are uncertain often requires compromise between safety and performance. Here our goal is to design efficient planning algorithms with guaranteed bounds on the probability of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-06-18 Hung-Jui Huang , Kai-Chi Huang , Michal Čáp , Yibiao Zhao , Ying Nian Wu , Chris L. Baker

For robots to successfully execute tasks assigned to them, they must be capable of planning the right sequence of actions. These actions must be both optimal with respect to a specified objective and satisfy whatever constraints exist in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-18 Alphonsus Adu-Bredu , Nikhil Devraj , Odest Chadwicke Jenkins

Ensuring safety and driving consistency is a significant challenge for autonomous vehicles operating in partially observed environments. This work introduces a consistent parallel trajectory optimization (CPTO) approach to enable safe and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Lei Zheng , Rui Yang , Minzhe Zheng , Michael Yu Wang , Jun Ma

Generating safe and non-conservative behaviors in dense, dynamic environments remains challenging for automated vehicles due to the stochastic nature of traffic participants' behaviors and their implicit interaction with the ego vehicle.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Tong Li , Lu Zhang , Sikang Liu , Shaojie Shen

In this paper we present a reformulation--framed as a constrained optimization problem--of multi-robot tasks which are encoded through a cost function that is to be minimized. The advantages of this approach are multiple. The…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Gennaro Notomista , Magnus Egerstedt