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Machine learning is increasingly used in the most diverse applications and domains, whether in healthcare, to predict pathologies, or in the financial sector to detect fraud. One of the linchpins for efficiency and accuracy in machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-17 Tânia Carvalho , Nuno Moniz , Pedro Faria , Luís Antunes

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into daily life through conversational interfaces, processing user data via natural language inputs and exhibiting advanced reasoning capabilities, which raises new concerns about…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Zhuoyang Li , Yanlai Wu , Yao Li , Xinning Gui , Yuhan Luo

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become integral to scientific workflows, concerns over the confidentiality and ethical handling of confidential data have emerged. This paper explores data exposure risks through LLM-powered scientific tools,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Yashothara Shanmugarasa , Shidong Pan , Ming Ding , Dehai Zhao , Thierry Rakotoarivelo

As large-scale models such as Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) see increasing deployment, their privacy risks remain underexplored. Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs), which reveal whether a data point was…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Hengyu Wu , Yang Cao

Inspired by Federated Learning, in this paper, we propose personal large models that are distilled from traditional large language models but more adaptive to local users' personal information such as education background and hobbies. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Yuanhao Gong

Studying data memorization in neural language models helps us understand the risks (e.g., to privacy or copyright) associated with models regurgitating training data and aids in the development of countermeasures. Many prior works -- and…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are powerful tools for natural language processing, enabling novel applications and user experiences. However, to achieve optimal performance, LLMs often require adaptation with private data, which poses privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Rui Wen , Tianhao Wang , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang , Ahmed Salem

To continuously improve quality and reflect changes in data, machine learning applications have to regularly retrain and update their core models. We show that a differential analysis of language model snapshots before and after an update…

Due to the recent popularity of online social networks, coupled with people's propensity to disclose personal information in an effort to achieve certain gratifications, the problem of navigating the tradeoff between privacy and utility…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-03-12 Chandra Sharma , George Amariucai

Data publishing under privacy constraints can be achieved with mechanisms that add randomness to data points when released to an untrusted party, thereby decreasing the data's utility. In this paper, we analyze this privacy-utility tradeoff…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Leonhard Grosse , Sara Saeidian , Tobias Oechtering

Preference-based fine-tuning has become an important component in training large language models, and the data used at this stage may contain sensitive user information. A central question is how to design a differentially private pipeline…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-25 Young Hyun Cho , Will Wei Sun

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in fields such as finance, education, and governance due to their ability to generate human-like text and adapt to specialized tasks. However, their widespread adoption raises critical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Yu Wang , Cailing Cai , Zhihua Xiao , Peifung E. Lam

Recent research shows that large language models are susceptible to privacy attacks that infer aspects of the training data. However, it is unclear if simpler generative models, like topic models, share similar vulnerabilities. In this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Nico Manzonelli , Wanrong Zhang , Salil Vadhan

Service providers of large language model (LLM) applications collect user instructions in the wild and use them in further aligning LLMs with users' intentions. These instructions, which potentially contain sensitive information, are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Da Yu , Peter Kairouz , Sewoong Oh , Zheng Xu

The use of personal data for training machine learning systems comes with a privacy threat and measuring the level of privacy of a model is one of the major challenges in machine learning today. Identifying training data based on a trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Ganesh Del Grosso , Hamid Jalalzai , Georg Pichler , Catuscia Palamidessi , Pablo Piantanida

Data holders are increasingly seeking to protect their user's privacy, whilst still maximizing their ability to produce machine models with high quality predictions. In this work, we empirically evaluate various implementations of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-16 Benjamin Zi Hao Zhao , Mohamed Ali Kaafar , Nicolas Kourtellis

This is the first survey of the active area of AI research that focuses on privacy issues in Large Language Models (LLMs). Specifically, we focus on work that red-teams models to highlight privacy risks, attempts to build privacy into the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Seth Neel , Peter Chang

The privacy concerns associated with the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) have grown recently with the development of LLMs such as ChatGPT. Differential Privacy (DP) techniques are explored in existing work to mitigate their privacy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Tiejin Chen , Longchao Da , Huixue Zhou , Pingzhi Li , Kaixiong Zhou , Tianlong Chen , Hua Wei

Over the last year, significant advancements have been made in the realms of large language models (LLMs) and multi-modal large language models (MLLMs), particularly in their application to autonomous driving. These models have showcased…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Xiangrui Kong , Thomas Braunl , Marco Fahmi , Yue Wang

Alignment is a key step in developing Large Language Models (LLMs) using human feedback to ensure adherence to human values and societal norms. Dependence on human feedback raises privacy concerns about how much a labeler's preferences may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Noel Teku , Fengwei Tian , Payel Bhattacharjee , Souradip Chakraborty , Amrit Singh Bedi , Ravi Tandon
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