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We present a low barrier magnet based compact hardware unit for analog stochastic neurons and demonstrate its use as a building-block for neuromorphic hardware. By coupling circular magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with a CMOS based analog…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Samiran Ganguly , Kerem Y. Camsari , Avik W. Ghosh

The rapid growth of brain-inspired computing coupled with the inefficiencies in the CMOS implementations of neuromrphic systems has led to intense exploration of efficient hardware implementations of the functional units of the brain,…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-08-29 Indranil Chakraborty , Gobinda Saha , Abhronil Sengupta , Kaushik Roy

Neuromorphic processors that implement Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) using mixed-signal analog/digital circuits represent a promising technology for closed-loop real-time processing of biosignals. As in biology, to minimize power…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-29 Rachel Sava , Elisa Donati , Giacomo Indiveri

Spiking neural networks (SNNs), a brain-inspired computing paradigm, are emerging for their inference performance, particularly in terms of energy efficiency and latency attributed to the plasticity in signal processing. To deploy SNNs in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-15 Sizhen Bian , Elisa Donati , Michele Magno

Neuromorphic computing is an emerging computing paradigm that moves away from batched processing towards the online, event-driven, processing of streaming data. Neuromorphic chips, when coupled with spike-based sensors, can inherently adapt…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Jiechen Chen , Nicolas Skatchkovsky , Osvaldo Simeone

Spiking Neural Networks (SNN) exhibit higher energy efficiency compared to Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) due to their unique spike-driven mechanism. Additionally, SNN possess a crucial characteristic, namely the ability to process…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Huaxu He

Heterogeneous systems with analog CMOS circuits integrated with nanoscale memristive devices enable efficient deployment of neural networks on neuromorphic hardware. CMOS Neuron with low footprint can emulate slow temporal dynamics by…

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) capture the information processing mechanism of the brain by taking advantage of spiking neurons, such as the Leaky Integrate-and-Fire (LIF) model neuron, which incorporates temporal dynamics and transmits…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Zexiang Yi , Jing Lian , Yunliang Qi , Zhaofei Yu , Huajin Tang , Yide Ma , Jizhao Liu

Analog computing at the edge is an emerging strategy to limit data storage and transmission requirements, as well as energy consumption, and its practical implementation is in its initial stages of development. Translating properties of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-09 Giuseppe Leo , Paolo Gibertini , Irem Ilter , Erika Covi , Ole Richter , Elisabetta Chicca

Analog neuromorphic hardware promises fast brain emulation on the one hand and an efficient implementation of novel, brain-inspired computing paradigms on the other. Bridging this spectrum requires flexibly configurable circuits with…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Sebastian Billaudelle , Johannes Weis , Philipp Dauer , Johannes Schemmel

Recent years have seen significant progress in developing spiking neural networks (SNNs) as a potential solution to the energy challenges posed by conventional artificial neural networks (ANNs). However, our theoretical understanding of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Duc Anh Nguyen , Ernesto Araya , Adalbert Fono , Gitta Kutyniok

We propose a new digital-to-analog converter (DAC) for realizing a synapse circuit of mixed-signal spiking neural networks. We named this circuit "time-domain DAC (TDAC)". This produces weights for converting a digital input code into…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-22 Seiji Uenohara , Kazuyuki Aihara

With more and more event-based neuromorphic hardware systems being developed at universities and in industry, there is a growing need for assessing their performance with domain specific measures. In this work, we use the methodology of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Christoph Ostrau , Jonas Homburg , Christian Klarhorst , Michael Thies , Ulrich Rückert

This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of Spiking Neural Network (SNN) neuron models for hardware acceleration by comparing event driven and clock-driven implementations. We begin our investigation in software, rapidly prototyping…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Filippo Marostica , Alessio Carpegna , Alessandro Savino , Stefano Di Carlo

Spiking Neural Networks (SNN) are an emerging type of biologically plausible and efficient Artificial Neural Network (ANN). This work presents the development of a hardware accelerator for a SNN for high-performance inference, targeting a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Alessio Carpegna , Alessandro Savino , Stefano Di Carlo

Spike-based neuromorphic hardware promises to reduce the energy consumption of image classification and other deep learning applications, particularly on mobile phones or other edge devices. However, direct training of deep spiking neural…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Christoph Stöckl , Wolfgang Maass

Several analog and digital brain-inspired electronic systems have been recently proposed as dedicated solutions for fast simulations of spiking neural networks. While these architectures are useful for exploring the computational properties…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-11-08 Elisabetta Chicca , Fabio Stefanini , Chiara Bartolozzi , Giacomo Indiveri

Neuromorphic architectures achieve low-power operation by using many simple spiking neurons in lieu of traditional hardware. Here, we develop methods for precise linear computations in spiking neural networks and use these methods to map…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-06-07 David G. Clark , Jesse A. Livezey , Edward F. Chang , Kristofer E. Bouchard

Despite neuromorphic engineering promises the deployment of low latency, adaptive and low power systems that can lead to the design of truly autonomous artificial agents, the development of a fully neuromorphic artificial agent is still…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-03-05 Jingyue Zhao , Nicoletta Risi , Marco Monforte , Chiara Bartolozzi , Giacomo Indiveri , Elisa Donati

Mixed-signal analog/digital circuits emulate spiking neurons and synapses with extremely high energy efficiency, an approach known as "neuromorphic engineering". However, analog circuits are sensitive to process-induced variation among…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Julian Büchel , Dmitrii Zendrikov , Sergio Solinas , Giacomo Indiveri , Dylan R. Muir