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A recent lower bound on the number of edges in a k-critical n-vertex graph by Kostochka and Yancey yields a half-page proof of the celebrated Gr\"otzsch Theorem that every planar triangle-free graph is 3-colorable. In this paper we use the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-12-16 Oleg V. Borodin , Alexandr V. Kostochka , Bernard Lidický , Matthew Yancey

A graph is called $F$-free if it does not contain a copy of $F$. Let $G(r,s)$ denote a $K_{r+1}$-free graph of order $n$ with chromatic number at least $s$ that maximizes the spectral radius. Nikiforov [Linear Algebra Appl., 2007] proved…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-15 Yinfen Zhu , Huiqiu Lin

For a graph G and an integer t we let mcc_t(G) be the smallest m such that there exists a coloring of the vertices of G by t colors with no monochromatic connected subgraph having more than m vertices. Let F be any nontrivial minor-closed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 N. Linial , J. Matousek , O. Sheffet , G. Tardos

The $r$-expansion of a $k$-uniform hypergraph $H$, denoted by $H^{(+r)}$, is an $r$-uniform hypergraph obtained by enlarging each $k$-edge of $H$ with a set of $r-k$ vertices of degree one. The random Tur\'an number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-21 Jiaxi Nie

An edge coloring of the n-vertex complete graph K_n is a Gallai coloring if it does not contain any rainbow triangle, that is, a triangle whose edges are colored with three distinct colors. We prove that the number of Gallai colorings of…

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a simple graph of maximum degree $\Delta$. The edges of $G$ can be colored with at most $\Delta +1$ colors by Vizing's theorem. We study lower bounds on the size of subgraphs of $G$ that can be colored with $\Delta$ colors.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-03-04 Marcin Kamiński , Łukasz Kowalik

Very recently, Alon and Frankl, and Gerbner studied the maximum number of edges in $n$-vertex $F$-free graphs with bounded matching number, respectively. We consider the analogous Tur\'{a}n problems on hypergraphs with bounded matching…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-11 Dániel Gerbner , Casey Tompkins , Junpeng Zhou

A classical result of Corr\'adi and Hajnal states that every graph $G$ on $n$ vertices with $n\in 3\mathbb{N}$ and $\delta(G) \ge 2n/3$ contains a perfect triangle-tiling, i.e.,\ a spanning set of vertex-disjoint triangles. We explore a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-21 Allan Lo , Ella Williams

Given a graph $F$, the expansion $F^{(r)}$ of $F$ is defined as the $r$-uniform hypergraph obtained from $F$ by adding a set of $(r-2)$ distinct new vertices to each edge of $F$. In this paper, we investigate spectral stability results for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-05 Zhenyu Ni , Dongquan Cheng , Jing Wang , Liying Kang

In 1959 Erd\H{o}s and Gallai proved the asymptotically optimal bound for the maximum number of edges in graphs not containing a path of a fixed length. Here we study a rainbow version of their theorem, in which one considers $k \geq 1$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-12 Sebastian Babiński , Andrzej Grzesik

A graph is $H$-Ramsey if every two-coloring of its edges contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. Define the $F$-Ramsey number of $H$, denoted by $r_F(H)$, to be the minimum number of copies of $F$ in a graph which is $H$-Ramsey. This…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-13 Jacob Fox , Jonathan Tidor , Shengtong Zhang

The Tur\'an number $ex(n,H)$ is the maximum number of edges in an $H$-free graph on $n$ vertices. Let $T$ be any tree. The odd-ballooning of $T$, denoted by $T_o$, is a graph obtained by replacing each edge of $T$ with an odd cycle…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-26 Xiutao Zhu , Yaojun Chen

Given a graph $F$, the planar Tur\'an number of $F$, denoted $\text{ex}_{\mathcal{P}}(n, F)$, is the maximum number of edges in an $n$-vertex $F$-free planar graph. Such an extremal graph problem was initiated by Dowden while determining…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-21 Debarun Ghosh , Ervin Győri , Addisu Paulos , Chuanqi Xiao

Let $\mathcal{F}$ be a family of graphs. A graph $G$ is $\mathcal{F}$-saturated if $G$ contains no member of $\mathcal{F}$ as a subgraph but $G+e$ contains some member of $\mathcal{F}$ whenever $e\in E(\overline{G})$. The saturation number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-03-06 Hui Lei , Suil O , Yongtang Shi , Douglas B. West , Xuding Zhu

The edge blow-up of a graph $G$, denoted by $G^{p+1}$, is obtained by replacing each edge of $G$ with a clique of order $p+1$, where the new vertices of the cliques are all distinct. Yuan [J. Comb. Theory, Ser. B, 152 (2022) 379-398]…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-30 Jing Wang , Zhenyu Ni , Liying Kang , Yi-zheng Fan

A spanning tree of an edge-colored graph is rainbow provided that each of its edges receives a distinct color. In this paper we consider the natural extremal problem of maximizing and minimizing the number of rainbow spanning trees in a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-07 Matthew DeVilbiss , Bradley Fain , Amber Holmes , Paul Horn , Sonwabile Mafunda , K. E. Perry

The Gr\"{o}tzsch Theorem states that every triangle-free planar graph admits a proper $3$-coloring. Among many of its generalizations, the one of Gr\"{u}nbaum and Aksenov, giving $3$-colorability of planar graphs with at most three…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-13 Hoang La , Borut Lužar , Kenny Štorgel

For a graph with colored vertices, a rainbow subgraph is one where all vertices have different colors. For graph $G$, let $c_k(G)$ denote the maximum number of different colors in a coloring without a rainbow path on $k$ vertices, and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-03 Wayne Goddard , Tyler Herrman , Simon J. Hughes

An edge-colored graph is rainbow if all its edges are colored with distinct colors. For a fixed graph $H$, the rainbow Tur\'an number $\mathrm{ex}^{\ast}(n,H)$ is defined as the maximum number of edges in a properly edge-colored graph on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-05-15 Shagnik Das , Choongbum Lee , Benny Sudakov

We consider a natural generalisation of Tur\'an's forbidden subgraph problem and the Ruzsa-Szemer\'edi problem by studying the maximum number $ex_F(n,G)$ of edge-disjoint copies of a fixed graph $F$ can be placed on an $n$-vertex ground set…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-07 András Imolay , János Karl , Zoltán Lóránt Nagy , Benedek Váli