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Augmenting large language models (LLMs) with external tools has emerged as a promising approach to extend their utility, enabling them to solve practical tasks. Previous methods manually parse tool documentation and create in-context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Zhengliang Shi , Shen Gao , Lingyong Yan , Yue Feng , Xiuyi Chen , Zhumin Chen , Dawei Yin , Suzan Verberne , Zhaochun Ren

Large language models (LLMs) excel at solving problems with clear and complete statements, but often struggle with nuanced environments or interactive tasks which are common in most real-world scenarios. This highlights the critical need…

Large Language Models (LLM) hold immense promise for real-world applications, but their generic knowledge often falls short of domain-specific needs. Fine-tuning, a common approach, can suffer from catastrophic forgetting and hinder…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Emile Contal , Garrin McGoldrick

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained popularity in task planning for long-horizon manipulation tasks. To enhance the validity of LLM-generated plans, visual demonstrations and online videos have been widely employed to guide the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Kejia Chen , Zheng Shen , Yue Zhang , Lingyun Chen , Fan Wu , Zhenshan Bing , Sami Haddadin , Alois Knoll

Ever since the development of GPT-3 in the natural language processing (NLP) field, in-context learning (ICL) has played an essential role in utilizing large language models (LLMs). By presenting the LM utterance-label demonstrations at the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-18 Ming-Hao Hsu , Kai-Wei Chang , Shang-Wen Li , Hung-yi Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks by understanding input information and predicting corresponding outputs. However, the internal mechanisms by which LLMs comprehend input and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Zhou Yang , Zhengyu Qi , Zhaochun Ren , Zhikai Jia , Haizhou Sun , Xiaofei Zhu , Xiangwen Liao

We propose a novel architecture for integrating large language models (LLMs) with a persistent, interactive Lisp environment. This setup enables LLMs to define, invoke, and evolve their own tools through programmatic interaction with a live…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Jordi de la Torre

Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT and GPT-4 have demonstrated impressive capabilities in various generative tasks. However, their performance is often hampered by limitations in accessing and leveraging long-term memory, leading…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Zhongsheng Wang , Jiamou Liu , Qiming Bao , Hongfei Rong , Jingfeng Zhang

Tool learning aims to enhance and expand large language models' (LLMs) capabilities with external tools, which has gained significant attention recently. Current methods have shown that LLMs can effectively handle a certain amount of tools…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Qiancheng Xu , Yongqi Li , Heming Xia , Wenjie Li

Motivated by the progress made by large language models (LLMs), we introduce the framework of verbalized machine learning (VML). In contrast to conventional machine learning (ML) models that are typically optimized over a continuous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Tim Z. Xiao , Robert Bamler , Bernhard Schölkopf , Weiyang Liu

Reinforcement learning (RL) trains agents to accomplish complex tasks through environmental interaction data, but its capacity is also limited by the scope of the available data. To obtain a knowledgeable agent, a promising approach is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Jing-Cheng Pang , Si-Hang Yang , Kaiyuan Li , Jiaji Zhang , Xiong-Hui Chen , Nan Tang , Yang Yu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in in-context learning (ICL), where models adapt to new tasks through example-based prompts without requiring parameter updates. However, understanding how tasks are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Baturay Saglam , Xinyang Hu , Zhuoran Yang , Dionysis Kalogerias , Amin Karbasi

Interactive machine learning (IML) is a field of research that explores how to leverage both human and computational abilities in decision making systems. IML represents a collaboration between multiple complementary human and machine…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Kory W. Mathewson , Patrick M. Pilarski

Large language models (LLMs) can adapt to new tasks via in-context learning (ICL) without parameter updates, making them powerful learning engines for fast adaptation. While extensive research has examined ICL as a few-shot learner, whether…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Liuwang Kang , Fan Wang , Shaoshan Liu , Hung-Chyun Chou , Chuan Lin , Ning Ding

Robots are increasingly common in industry and daily life, such as in nursing homes where they can assist staff. A key challenge is developing intuitive interfaces for easy communication. The use of Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-4…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Stanislau Stankevich , Wojciech Dudek

Large language model (LLM) applications, such as ChatGPT, are a powerful tool for online information-seeking (IS) and problem-solving tasks. However, users still face challenges initializing and refining prompts, and their cognitive…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Ben Wang , Jiqun Liu , Jamshed Karimnazarov , Nicolas Thompson

In-context Learning (ICL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for performing natural language tasks with Large Language Models (LLM) without updating the models' parameters, in contrast to the traditional gradient-based finetuning. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Georgios Chochlakis , Alexandros Potamianos , Kristina Lerman , Shrikanth Narayanan

Modern large language models (LLMs) are capable of interpreting input strings as instructions, or prompts, and carry out tasks based on them. Unlike traditional learners, LLMs cannot use back-propagation to obtain feedback, and condition…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Adrian de Wynter , Xun Wang , Qilong Gu , Si-Qing Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become ubiquitous in NLP and deep learning. In-Context Learning (ICL) has been suggested as a bridging paradigm between the training-free and fine-tuning LLMs settings. In ICL, an LLM is conditioned to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Jérémie Cabessa , Hugo Hernault , Umer Mushtaq

Incremental learning is the ability of systems to acquire knowledge over time, enabling their adaptation and generalization to novel tasks. It is a critical ability for intelligent, real-world systems, especially when data changes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Mladjan Jovanovic , Peter Voss
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