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Fiducial Inference, introduced by Fisher in the 1930s, has a long history, which at times aroused passionate disagreements. However, its application has been largely confined to relatively simple parametric problems. In this paper, we…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-03-28 Yifan Cui , Jan Hannig

Consider a statistical problem where a set of parameters are of interest to a researcher. Then multiple confidence intervals can be constructed to infer the set of parameters simultaneously. The constructed multiple confidence intervals are…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-12-10 Taeho Kim , Edsel A. Pena

There is available an ever-increasing variety of procedures for managing uncertainty. These methods are discussed in the literature of artificial intelligence, as well as in the literature of philosophy of science. Heretofore these methods…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-30 Henry E. Kyburg , Choh Man Teng

The non-convexity and intractability of distributionally robust chance constraints make them challenging to cope with. From a data-driven perspective, we propose formulating it as a robust optimization problem to ensure that the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-23 Zhiping Chen , Wentao Ma , Bingbing Ji

We focus on the construction of confidence corridors for multivariate nonparametric generalized quantile regression functions. This construction is based on asymptotic results for the maximal deviation between a suitable nonparametric…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-02-03 Shih-Kang Chao , Katharina Proksch , Holger Dette , Wolfgang Härdle

Win statistics, including the win ratio, net benefit, and win odds, summarize treatment effects on hierarchical composite endpoints by sequentially comparing patient pairs on component outcomes ordered by clinical importance, proceeding to…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-27 Xi Fang , Fan Li

To quantify uncertainty around point estimates of conditional objects such as conditional means or variances, parameter uncertainty has to be taken into account. Attempts to incorporate parameter uncertainty are typically based on the…

Econometrics · Economics 2019-01-23 Eric Beutner , Alexander Heinemann , Stephan Smeekes

We develop a Bayesian highest-density interval (HDI) for use in within-subject designs. This credible interval is based on a standard noninformative prior and a modified posterior distribution that conditions on both the data and point…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-06-14 Farouk S. Nathoo , Robyn E. Kilshaw , Michael E. J. Masson

Frequentists' inference often delivers point estimators associated with confidence intervals or sets for parameters of interest. Constructing the confidence intervals or sets requires understanding the sampling distributions of the point…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-10-18 Xinran Li , Peng Ding

We present a distribution optimization framework that significantly improves confidence bounds for various risk measures compared to previous methods. Our framework encompasses popular risk measures such as the entropic risk measure,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Hao Liang , Zhi-quan Luo

Recent years have seen the development of many novel scoring tools for disease prognosis and prediction. To become accepted for use in clinical applications, these tools have to be validated on external data. In practice, validation is…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-12-06 Matthias Schmid , Tim Friede , Nadja Klein , Leonie Weinhold

Rating systems are ubiquitous, with applications ranging from product recommendation to teaching evaluations. Confidence intervals for functionals of rating data such as empirical means or quantiles are critical to decision-making in…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-12-10 Robert Nowak , Ervin Tánczos

I propose a new type of confidence interval for correct asymptotic inference after using data to select a model of interest without assuming any model is correctly specified. This hybrid confidence interval is constructed by combining…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-25 Adam McCloskey

Estimating the maximum mean finds a variety of applications in practice. In this paper, we study estimation of the maximum mean using an upper confidence bound (UCB) approach where the sampling budget is adaptively allocated to one of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-08-09 Zhang Kun , Liu Guangwu , Shi Wen

Hybrid controlled trials (HCTs), which augment randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with external controls (ECs), are increasingly receiving attention as a way to address limited power, slow accrual, and ethical concerns in clinical…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-02 Jiajun Liu , Ke Zhu , Shu Yang , Xiaofei Wang

Suppose one has a collection of parameters indexed by a (possibly infinite dimensional) set. Given data generated from some distribution, the objective is to estimate the maximal parameter in this collection evaluated at this distribution.…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-05-26 Alexander R. Luedtke , Mark J. van der Laan

Conformal prediction provides distribution-free prediction intervals with finite-sample coverage guarantees, and recent work by Snell \& Griffiths reframes it as Bayesian Quadrature (BQ-CP), yielding powerful data-conditional guarantees via…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Xiayin Lou , Peng Luo

Constructing valid confidence sets is a crucial task in statistical inference, yet traditional methods often face challenges when dealing with complex models or limited observed sample sizes. These challenges are frequently encountered in…

External information, such as prior information or expert opinions, can play an important role in the design, analysis and interpretation of clinical trials. However, little attention has been devoted thus far to incorporating external…

Applications · Statistics 2013-04-24 Minge Xie , Regina Y. Liu , C. V. Damaraju , William H. Olson

Conformal prediction is a theoretically grounded framework for constructing predictive intervals. We study conformal prediction with missing values in the covariates -- a setting that brings new challenges to uncertainty quantification. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-06 Margaux Zaffran , Aymeric Dieuleveut , Julie Josse , Yaniv Romano
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