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Related papers: LEEC: A Legal Element Extraction Dataset with an E…

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Recognizing facts is the most fundamental step in making judgments, hence detecting events in the legal documents is important to legal case analysis tasks. However, existing Legal Event Detection (LED) datasets only concern incomprehensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Feng Yao , Chaojun Xiao , Xiaozhi Wang , Zhiyuan Liu , Lei Hou , Cunchao Tu , Juanzi Li , Yun Liu , Weixing Shen , Maosong Sun

We present a Chinese judicial reading comprehension (CJRC) dataset which contains approximately 10K documents and almost 50K questions with answers. The documents come from judgment documents and the questions are annotated by law experts.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-21 Xingyi Duan , Baoxin Wang , Ziyue Wang , Wentao Ma , Yiming Cui , Dayong Wu , Shijin Wang , Ting Liu , Tianxiang Huo , Zhen Hu , Heng Wang , Zhiyuan Liu

The escalating number of pending cases is a growing concern world-wide. Recent advancements in digitization have opened up possibilities for leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) tools in the processing of legal documents. Adopting a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Subinay Adhikary , Sagnik Das , Sagnik Saha , Procheta Sen , Dwaipayan Roy , Kripabandhu Ghosh

Legal practitioners often face a vast amount of documents. Lawyers, for instance, search for appropriate precedents favorable to their clients, while the number of legal precedents is ever-growing. Although legal search engines can assist…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Wonseok Hwang , Saehee Eom , Hanuhl Lee , Hai Jin Park , Minjoon Seo

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have been widely applied to legal tasks. To enhance their understanding of legal texts and improve reasoning accuracy, a promising approach is to incorporate legal theories. One of the most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Huanghai Liu , Quzhe Huang , Qingjing Chen , Yiran Hu , Jiayu Ma , Yun Liu , Weixing Shen , Yansong Feng

We present JEC-QA, the largest question answering dataset in the legal domain, collected from the National Judicial Examination of China. The examination is a comprehensive evaluation of professional skills for legal practitioners. College…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-28 Haoxi Zhong , Chaojun Xiao , Cunchao Tu , Tianyang Zhang , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

In legal document writing, one of the key elements is properly citing the case laws and other sources to substantiate claims and arguments. Understanding the legal domain and identifying appropriate citation context or cite-worthy sentences…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-08 Mann Khatri , Pritish Wadhwa , Gitansh Satija , Reshma Sheik , Yaman Kumar , Rajiv Ratn Shah , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru

Most existing event extraction (EE) methods merely extract event arguments within the sentence scope. However, such sentence-level EE methods struggle to handle soaring amounts of documents from emerging applications, such as finance,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Shun Zheng , Wei Cao , Wei Xu , Jiang Bian

Relevant information in documents is often summarized in tables, helping the reader to identify useful facts. Most benchmark datasets support either document layout analysis or table understanding, but lack in providing data to apply both…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Andrea Gemelli , Emanuele Vivoli , Simone Marinai

Extracting information from full documents is an important problem in many domains, but most previous work focus on identifying relationships within a sentence or a paragraph. It is challenging to create a large-scale information extraction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Sarthak Jain , Madeleine van Zuylen , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Iz Beltagy

Legal systems worldwide continue to struggle with overwhelming caseloads, limited judicial resources, and growing complexities in legal proceedings. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers a promising solution, with Legal Judgment Prediction…

Large language models (LLMs) have made significant progress in natural language processing tasks and demonstrate considerable potential in the legal domain. However, legal applications demand high standards of accuracy, reliability, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Haitao Li , You Chen , Qingyao Ai , Yueyue Wu , Ruizhe Zhang , Yiqun Liu

Legal documents are unstructured, use legal jargon, and have considerable length, making them difficult to process automatically via conventional text processing techniques. A legal document processing system would benefit substantially if…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Vijit Malik , Rishabh Sanjay , Shouvik Kumar Guha , Angshuman Hazarika , Shubham Nigam , Arnab Bhattacharya , Ashutosh Modi

Contract element extraction (CEE) is the novel task of automatically identifying and extracting legally relevant elements such as contract dates, payments, and legislation references from contracts. Automatic methods for this task view it…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-05-14 Zihan Wang , Hongye Song , Zhaochun Ren , Pengjie Ren , Zhumin Chen , Xiaozhong Liu , Hongsong Li , Maarten de Rijke

Legal document summarization represents a significant advancement towards improving judicial efficiency through the automation of key information detection. Our approach leverages state-of-the-art natural language processing techniques to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Yongjie Li , Ruilin Nong , Jianan Liu , Lucas Evans

Event Extraction (EE) is one of the fundamental tasks in Information Extraction (IE) that aims to recognize event mentions and their arguments (i.e., participants) from text. Due to its importance, extensive methods and resources have been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Amir Pouran Ben Veyseh , Javid Ebrahimi , Franck Dernoncourt , Thien Huu Nguyen

Citing legal opinions is a key part of legal argumentation, an expert task that requires retrieval, extraction and summarization of information from court decisions. The identification of legally salient parts in an opinion for the purpose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Julien Rossi , Svitlana Vakulenko , Evangelos Kanoulas

Extracting structured event knowledge, including event triggers and corresponding arguments, from military texts is fundamental to many applications, such as intelligence analysis and decision assistance. However, event extraction in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Mengna Zhu , Zijie Xu , Kaisheng Zeng , Kaiming Xiao , Mao Wang , Wenjun Ke , Hongbin Huang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a promising technology for legal document consultation, yet its application in Chinese legal scenarios faces two key limitations: existing benchmarks lack specialized support for joint…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Yaocong Li , Qiang Lan , Leihan Zhang , Le Zhang

The process of annotating data within the legal sector is filled with distinct challenges that differ from other fields, primarily due to the inherent complexities of legal language and documentation. The initial task usually involves…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Harshil Darji , Jelena Mitrović , Michael Granitzer
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