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Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) is an NP-hard problem with applications in warehouse automation and multi-robot coordination. Learning-based MAPF solvers offer fast and scalable planning but often produce feasible trajectories that contain…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Yimin Tang , Sven Koenig , Erdem Bıyık

In the multi-agent path finding (MAPF) problem, a group of agents search in a graph for a path for each agent where no two paths collide. While in all applications of MAPF the agents must not collide with each other, in some of them the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Rotem Lev Lehman , Roni Stern , Guy Shani

Multi-agent path finding (MAPF) involves planning efficient paths for multiple agents to move simultaneously while avoiding collisions. In typical warehouse environments, agents are often sparsely distributed along aisles; however,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Hiroya Makino , Seigo Ito

Multi-agent path finding in continuous space and time with geometric agents MAPF$^\mathcal{R}$ is addressed in this paper. The task is to navigate agents that move smoothly between predefined positions to their individual goals so that they…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Pavel Surynek

Autonomous vehicles are suited for continuous area patrolling problems. However, finding an optimal patrolling strategy can be challenging for many reasons. Firstly, patrolling environments are often complex and can include unknown…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Chenhao Tong , Aaron Harwood , Maria A. Rodriguez , Richard O. Sinnott

The task of the multi-agent pathfinding (MAPF) problem is to navigate a team of agents from their start point to the goal points. However, this setup is unsuitable in the assembly line scenario, which is periodic with a long working hour.…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Mingkai Tang , Lu Gan , Kaichen Zhang

Deep reinforcement learning has shown promise in various engineering applications, including vehicular traffic control. The non-stationary nature of traffic, especially in the lane-free environment with more degrees of freedom in vehicle…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Mehran Berahman , Majid Rostami-Shahrbabaki , Klaus Bogenberger

Multi-robot path finding in dynamic environments is a highly challenging classic problem. In the movement process, robots need to avoid collisions with other moving robots while minimizing their travel distance. Previous methods for this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Shaoming Peng

We propose STEAM (Spatial, Temporal, and Emergent congestion Awareness for MAPF), a training-free test-time enhancement framework for learning-based decentralized Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) in discrete environments. Given a pretrained…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Mingyang Feng , Mengnuo Zhang , Shaoyuan Li , Xiang Yin

The objective of meta-learning is to exploit the knowledge obtained from observed tasks to improve adaptation to unseen tasks. As such, meta-learners are able to generalize better when they are trained with a larger number of observed tasks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Mert Kayaalp , Stefan Vlaski , Ali H. Sayed

We formalize Multi-Agent Path Finding with Deadlines (MAPF-DL). The objective is to maximize the number of agents that can reach their given goal vertices from their given start vertices within the deadline, without colliding with each…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-06-13 Hang Ma , Glenn Wagner , Ariel Felner , Jiaoyang Li , T. K. Satish Kumar , Sven Koenig

Efficient aerial data collection is important in many remote sensing applications. In large-scale monitoring scenarios, deploying a team of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) offers improved spatial coverage and robustness against individual…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Jonas Westheider , Julius Rückin , Marija Popović

Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) is the problem of effectively finding efficient collision-free paths for a group of agents in a shared workspace. The MAPF community has largely focused on developing high-performance heuristic search…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Rishi Veerapaneni , Arthur Jakobsson , Kevin Ren , Samuel Kim , Jiaoyang Li , Maxim Likhachev

We present a framework combining hierarchical and multi-agent deep reinforcement learning approaches to solve coordination problems among a multitude of agents using a semi-decentralized model. The framework extends the multi-agent learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-12-25 Saurabh Kumar , Pararth Shah , Dilek Hakkani-Tur , Larry Heck

Among sub-optimal MAPF solvers, rule-based algorithms are particularly appealing since they are complete. Even in crowded scenarios, they allow finding a feasible solution that brings each agent to its target, preventing deadlock…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-10 S. Ardizzoni , I. Saccani , L. Consolini , M. Locatelli

In this paper, we consider the problem of multi-agent navigation in partially observable grid environments. This problem is challenging for centralized planning approaches as they, typically, rely on the full knowledge of the environment.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-16 Vasilii Davydov , Alexey Skrynnik , Konstantin Yakovlev , Aleksandr I. Panov

In this paper, we consider the problem of building learning agents that can efficiently learn to navigate in constrained environments. The main goal is to design agents that can efficiently learn to understand and generalize to different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Kei Ota , Yoko Sasaki , Devesh K. Jha , Yusuke Yoshiyasu , Asako Kanezaki

In environments where many automated guided vehicles (AGVs) operate, planning efficient, collision-free paths is essential. Related research has mainly focused on environments with pre-defined passages, resulting in space inefficiency. We…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Hiroya Makino , Yoshihiro Ohama , Seigo Ito

In the intrinsically motivated skills acquisition problem, the agent is set in an environment without any pre-defined goals and needs to acquire an open-ended repertoire of skills. To do so the agent needs to be autotelic (deriving from the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Eleni Nisioti , Elías Masquil , Gautier Hamon , and Clément Moulin-Frier

Anytime multi-agent path finding (MAPF) is a promising approach to scalable path optimization in multi-agent systems. MAPF-LNS, based on Large Neighborhood Search (LNS), is the current state-of-the-art approach where a fast initial solution…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Thomy Phan , Benran Zhang , Shao-Hung Chan , Sven Koenig