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High Altitude Platform Station (HAPS) has the potential to provide global wireless connectivity and data services such as high-speed wireless backhaul, industrial Internet of things (IoT), and public safety for large areas not served by…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Yunchou Xing , Frank Hsieh , Amitava Ghosh , Theodore S. Rappaport

The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) and Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs) has emerged as a key paradigm to provide connectivity for sensors and actuators via satellite gateways in remote areas where terrestrial infrastructure is…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Alessandro Traspadini , Michele Zorzi , Marco Giordani

The integration of non-terrestrial networks (NTN) into 5G new radio (NR) has opened up the possibility of developing a new positioning infrastructure using NR signals from Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites. Compared to existing Global…

The fifth-generation new radio (5G NR) technology is expected to provide precise and reliable positioning capabilities along with high data rates. The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has started introducing positioning…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Rakesh Mundlamuri , Rajeev Gangula , Florian Kaltenberger , Raymond Knopp

Free-space optical (FSO) communication requires light of sight (LoS) between the transmitter and the receiver. For long-distance communication, many research projects have been conducted towards using a network composed of high-altitude…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-01-23 Dieu Linh Truong , The Ngoc Dang

In this paper, we propose the concept of AIO-RAN-NTN, a unified all-in-one Radio Access Network (RAN) for Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs), built on an open architecture that leverages open interfaces and artificial intelligence (AI)-based…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-18 Tri Nhu Do

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, as a prominent technology in the 6G non-terrestrial network, offer both positioning and communication capabilities. While these two applications have each been extensively studied and have achieved…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-03 Jie Ma , Pinjun Zheng , Xing Liu , Yuchen Zhang , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

The emergence of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite mega-constellations is dynamically transforming the space sector. While free-space optical (FSO) links efficiently facilitate intersatellite data forwarding, they suffer from…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Pablo G. Madoery , Juan A. Fraire , Jorge M. Finochietto , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Gunes Karabulut Kurt

With numerous ongoing deployments owned by private companies and startups, dense satellite constellations deployed in low Earth orbit (LEO) will play a major role in the near future of wireless communications. In addition, the 3rd…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Israel Leyva-Mayorga , Beatriz Soret , Petar Popovski

The emerging fifth generation (5G) and the upcoming sixth generation (6G) communication technologies introduce the use of space- and airborne networks in their architectures under the scope of non-terrestrial networks (NTNs). With this…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Amina Fellan , Ainur Daurembekova , Hans D. Schotten

High-altitude platform station (HAPS) systems are considered to have great promise in the multi-tier architecture of the sixth generation (6G) and beyond wireless networks. A HAPS system can be used as a super macro base station (SMBS) to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Rozita Shafie , Mohammad Javad Omidi , Omid Abbasi , Halim Yanikomeroglu

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Satellite Network (SatNet) with their mega-constellations are expected to play a key role in providing ubiquitous Internet and communications services in the future. LEO SatNets will provide wide-area coverage and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Tasneem Darwish , Gunes Karabulut Kurt , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Michel Bellemare , Guillaume Lamontagne

At present (year 2023), approximately 2,500 satellites are currently orbiting the Earth. This number is expected to reach 50,000 satellites (that is, 20 times growth) for the next 10 years, thanks to the recent advances concerning launching…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-09 Jose Alberto Hernandez , Pedro Reviriego

Communication can improve control of important system parameters by allowing different grid components to communicate their states with each other. This information exchange requires a reliable and fast communication infrastructure. 5G…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Rahul Iyer , Biplav Choudhury , Vijay K. Shah , Ali Mehrizi-Sani

This paper presents and analyzes a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-based high-altitude platform (HAP) network. Stochastic geometry is used to model the arbitrary locations of the HAPs and RISs as a homogenous Poisson point process.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-17 Islam M. Tanash , Ayush Kumar Dwivedi , Fatemeh Rafiei Maleki , Taneli Riihonen

Aerial communication platforms, stratospheric high-altitude platform stations (HAPS), have the potential to provide/catalyze advanced mobile wireless communication services with its ubiquitous connectivity and ultra-wide coverage radius.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-10 Sidrah Javed , Mohamed-Slim Alouini , Zhiguo Ding

Fifth-generation (5G) networks enable a variety of use cases that require differentiated connectivity, e.g., Ultra-Reliable and Low-Latency Communications (URLLC), enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), and massive Machine Type Communication…

The integration of satellite and terrestrial communication systems plays a vital role in the fifth-generation mobile communication system (5G) for the ubiquitous coverage, reliable service and flexible networking. Moreover, the millimeter…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-12 Lei Ma , Ke Guan , Dong Yan , Danping He , Nuno R. Leonor , Bo Ai , Junhyeong Kim

The high altitude platform station (HAPS) concept has recently received notable attention from both industry and academia to support future wireless networks. A HAPS can be equipped with 5th generation (5G) and beyond technologies such as…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-23 Safwan Alfattani , Wael Jaafar , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Abbas Yongaçoglu

Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) are emerging as critical enablers of global connectivity, particularly in remote, unserved, underserved, or maritime regions lacking traditional infrastructure. While much of the existing work on NTN focuses…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Md Mahfuzur Rahman , Nishith Tripathi , Jeffrey H. Reed , Lingjia Liu