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We introduce a new class of heavy-tailed distributions for which any weighted average of independent and identically distributed random variables is larger than one such random variable in (usual) stochastic order. We show that many…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-06-18 Yuyu Chen , Seva Shneer

It was shown that when one disposes of a parametric information of the truncation distribution, the semiparametric estimator of the distribution function for truncated data (Wang, 1989) is more efficient than the nonparametric one. On the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-06-03 Saida Mancer , Abdelhakim Necir , Souad Benchaira

Let $X_{1},\ldots ,X_{n}$ be $n$ real-valued dependent random variables. With motivation from Mitra and Resnick (2009), we derive the tail asymptotic expansion for the weighted sum of order statistics $X_{1:n}\leq \cdots \leq X_{n:n}$ of…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-08-07 Enkelejd Hashorva , Jinzhi Li

The total number of fatalities of an epidemic outbreak is a dramatic but extremely informative quantity. Knowledge of the statistics of this quantity allows the calculation of the mean total number of fatalities conditioned to the fact that…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-03-06 Alvaro Corral

We estimate up to universal constants tails of symmetric and totally asymmetric 1-dimensional $\alpha$-stable distributions in terms of functions of the parameters of these distributions. In particular, for values of $\alpha$ close to $2$…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-11-30 Witold M. Bednorz , Rafał M. Łochowski , Rafał Martynek

In risk management, tail risks are of crucial importance. The quality of a tail model, which is determined by data from an unknown distribution, depends critically on the subset of data used to model the tail. Based on a suitably weighted…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-01-19 Ingo Hoffmann , Christoph J. Börner

There is an increasing interest to understand the dependence structure of a random vector not only in the center of its distribution but also in the tails. Extreme-value theory tackles the problem of modelling the joint tail of a…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-11-04 Anna Kiriliouk , Johan Segers , Michal Warchol

It is argued that there is a need for fat-tailed distributions that become thin in the extreme tail. A 3-parameter distribution is introduced that visually resembles the t-distribution and interpolates between the normal distribution and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-02-08 Rose D Baker

The big jump principle is a well established mathematical result for sums of independent and identically distributed random variables extracted from a fat tailed distribution. It states that the tail of the distribution of the sum is the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-07-10 Alessandro Vezzani , Eli Barkai , Raffaella Burioni

The so-called partition function is a sample moment statistic based on blocks of data and it is often used in the context of multifractal processes. It will be shown that its behaviour is strongly influenced by the tail of the distribution…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-10-02 Danijel Grahovac , Mofei Jia , Nikolai N. Leonenko , Emanuele Taufer

Heavy-tailed distributions are infamously difficult to estimate because their moments tend to infinity as the shape of the tail decay increases. Nevertheless, this study shows the utilization of a modified group of moments for estimating a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-31 Amenah AL-Najafi , Ugur Tirnakli , Kenric P. Nelson

We consider the tail distribution of the edge cover time of a specific non-Markov process, $\delta$ once-reinforced random walk, on finite connected graphs, whose transition probability is proportional to weights of edges. Here the weights…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-05-09 Xiangyu Huang , Yong Liu , Kainan Xiang

We develop an unsupervised mixture model for non-negative, skewed and heavy-tailed data, such as losses in actuarial and risk management applications. The mixture has a lognormal component, which is usually appropriate for the body of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-29 Marco Bee , Flavio Santi

In this paper, we present several heavy-tailed distributions belonging to the new class J of distributions obeying the principle of a single big jump introduced by Beck et al. [1]. We describe the structure of this class from different…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-05-19 Hui Xu , Michael Scheutzow , Yuebao Wang , Zhaolei Cui

Existing theory for multivariate extreme values focuses upon characterizations of the distributional tails when all components of a random vector, standardized to identical margins, grow at the same rate. In this paper, we consider the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-12-20 J. L. Wadsworth , J. A. Tawn

This article is devoted to the study of tail index estimation based on i.i.d. multivariate observations, drawn from a standard heavy-tailed distribution, i.e. of which 1-d Pareto-like marginals share the same tail index. A multivariate…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-04-10 Stéphan Clémençon , Antoine Dematteo

It is well known that the distribution of returns from various financial instruments are leptokurtic, meaning that the distributions have "fatter tails" than a Normal distribution, and have skew toward zero. This paper presents a graceful…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2013-04-03 Ben Klemens

A widely used tool in the study of risk, insurance and extreme values is the mean excess plot. One use is for validating a generalized Pareto model for the excess distribution. This paper investigates some theoretical and practical aspects…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-06-03 Souvik Ghosh , Sidney I Resnick

This paper considers estimation and inference about tail features when the observations beyond some threshold are censored. We first show that ignoring such tail censoring could lead to substantial bias and size distortion, even if the…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-02-25 Yulong Wang , Zhijie Xiao

We study the asymptotic behaviour of widely used tests for evaluating and comparing predictive accuracy when forecast errors exhibit heavy tails. In particular, when loss differentials have infinite variance, the Diebold-Mariano test…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-20 Jonas F. Frederiksen , Muneya Matsui , Rasmus S. Pedersen