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We investigate the structure of the Marvel Universe collaboration network, where two Marvel characters are considered linked if they jointly appear in the same Marvel comic book. We show that this network is clearly not a random network,…
Biomimetic nanotechnology is a prominent research area at the meeting place of life sciences with engineering and physics: it is a continuously growing field that deals with knowledge transfer from biology to nanotechnology. Biomimetic…
While space-based telescopes have had a part to play ultimately I feel that it is telescopes like myself that have contributed the most to pushing the boundaries of our knowledge. With current advances in optical engineering we have the…
Engineering projects are notoriously hard to complete on-time, with project delays often theorised to propagate across interdependent activities. Here, we use a novel dataset consisting of activity networks from 14 diverse, large-scale…
This paper develops a theory of scientific and technological peer effects to study how individuals' productivity responds to the behavior and network positions of their collaborators across both scientific and inventive activities. Building…
The human brain works in an unsupervised way, and more than one brain region is essential for lighting up intelligence. Inspired by this, we propose a brain-like heterogeneous network (BHN), which can cooperatively learn a lot of…
Human-centered systems of systems such as social networks, Internet of Things, or healthcare systems are growingly becoming major facets of modern life. Realistic models of human behavior in such systems play a significant role in their…
The human brain can recognize objects hidden in even severely degraded images after observing them for a while, which is known as a type of Eureka effect, possibly associated with human creativity. A previous psychological study suggests…
In 1963-71, a group of people, myself included, formulated and perfected a new approach to physics problems, which eventually came to be known under the names of scaling, universality, and renormalization. This work formed the basis of a…
Human learning is a complex phenomenon that requires adaptive processes across a range of temporal and spacial scales. While our understanding of those processes at single scales has increased exponentially over the last few years, a…
Recently, there have been several concerted international efforts - the BRAIN initiative, European Human Brain Project and the Human Connectome Project, to name a few - that hope to revolutionize our understanding of the connected brain.…
Giant atoms are attracting interest as an emerging paradigm in the quantum optics of engineered waveguides. Here we propose to realize a synthetic giant atom working in the optical regime starting from a pair of interacting Rydberg atoms…
NASA's Great Observatories have opened up the electromagnetic spectrum from space, providing sustained access to wavelengths not accessible from the ground. Together, Hubble, Compton, Chandra, and Spitzer have provided the scientific…
Networks are paradigms for describing complex biological, social and technological systems. Here I argue that networks provide a coherent framework to construct coarse-grained models for many different physical systems. To elucidate these…
Innovation is the driving force of human progress. Recent urn models reproduce well the dynamics through which the discovery of a novelty may trigger further ones, in an expanding space of opportunities, but neglect the effects of social…
Social bots are currently regarded an influential but also somewhat mysterious factor in public discourse and opinion making. They are considered to be capable of massively distributing propaganda in social and online media and their…
The 2016 US election was a watershed event where an electoral intervention by an adversarial state made extensive use of networks of software robots and data driven communications which transformed the interference into a goal driven…
When we look at the world around us, we see complex physical systems and emergent phenomena. Emergence occurs when a system is observed to have properties that its parts do not have on their own. These properties or behaviors emerge only…
Quantum network has significant applications both practically and fundamentally. A hybrid architecture with photons and stationary nodes is highly promising. So far, experimental realizations are limited to two nodes with two photons. Going…
Global climate warming poses a significant challenge to humanity; it is associated with, e.g., rising sea level and declining Arctic sea ice. Increasing extreme events are also considered to be a result of climate…