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We evaluate the moral alignment of LLMs with human preferences in multilingual trolley problems. Building on the Moral Machine experiment, which captures over 40 million human judgments across 200+ countries, we develop a cross-lingual…

This study proposes an analysis of the different types of ethical approaches involved in the ethics of AI, and situates their interests and limits. First, the author introduces to the contemporary need for and meaning of ethics. He…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-26 David Doat

Many sets of ethics principles for responsible AI have been proposed to allay concerns about misuse and abuse of AI/ML systems. The underlying aspects of such sets of principles include privacy, accuracy, fairness, robustness,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Conrad Sanderson , David Douglas , Qinghua Lu

With the development of Large Language Models (LLMs) in consulting, their role in moral decision-making has become prominent. However, existing research predominantly consider AI as an independent "moral agent" adhering to the "Human-AI…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yangyi Wu , Tianqi Wang , Xilin Liu

Artificial intelligence (AI) is advancing at a pace that raises urgent questions about how to align machine decision-making with human moral values. This working paper investigates how leading AI systems prioritize moral outcomes and what…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Eoin O'Doherty , Nicole Weinrauch , Andrew Talone , Uri Klempner , Xiaoyuan Yi , Xing Xie , Yi Zeng

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly widespread in system development endeavors. As AI systems affect various stakeholders due to their unique nature, the growing influence of these systems calls for ethical considerations.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Ville Vakkuri , Kai-Kristian Kemell , Pekka Abrahamsson

There is an emerging consensus that we need to align AI systems with human values (Gabriel, 2020; Ji et al., 2024), but it remains unclear how to apply this to language models in practice. We split the problem of "aligning to human values"…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Oliver Klingefjord , Ryan Lowe , Joe Edelman

Society's increasing dependence on Artificial Intelligence (AI) and AI-enabled systems require a more practical approach from software engineering (SE) executives in middle and higher-level management to improve their involvement in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Mamia Agbese , Rahul Mohanani , Arif Ali Khan , Pekka Abrahamsson

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in medical imaging raises crucial ethical concerns at every stage of its development, from data collection to deployment. Addressing these concerns is essential for ensuring that AI systems…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Umer Sadiq Khan , Saif Ur Rehman Khan

Ensuring ethical behavior in Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems amidst their increasing ubiquity and influence is a major concern the world over. The use of formal methods in AI ethics is a possible crucial approach for specifying and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Priya T. V. , Shrisha Rao

Introduction. AI Ethics is framed distinctly across actors and stakeholder groups. We report results from a case study of OpenAI analysing ethical AI discourse. Method. Research addressed: How has OpenAI's public discourse leveraged…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Melissa Wilfley , Mengting Ai , Madelyn Rose Sanfilippo

This paper explores how AI-owners can develop safeguards for AI-generated content by drawing from established codes of conduct and ethical standards in other content-creation industries. It delves into the current state of ethical awareness…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Jose Berengueres , Marybeth Sandell

Companies report on their financial performance for decades. More recently they have also started to report on their environmental impact and their social responsibility. The latest trend is now to deliver one single integrated report where…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Benoît Otjacques

In difficult decision-making scenarios, it is common to have conflicting opinions among expert human decision-makers as there may not be a single right answer. Such decisions may be guided by different attributes that can be used to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Brian Hu , Bill Ray , Alice Leung , Amy Summerville , David Joy , Christopher Funk , Arslan Basharat

An important step in the development of value alignment (VA) systems in AI is understanding how VA can reflect valid ethical principles. We propose that designers of VA systems incorporate ethics by utilizing a hybrid approach in which both…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Tae Wan Kim , John Hooker , Thomas Donaldson

This paper explores the potential of a multidisciplinary approach to testing and aligning artificial intelligence (AI), specifically focusing on large language models (LLMs). Due to the rapid development and wide application of LLMs,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Ljubisa Bojic , Matteo Cinelli , Dubravko Culibrk , Boris Delibasic

Conversational agents have come increasingly closer to human competence in open-domain dialogue settings; however, such models can reflect insensitive, hurtful, or entirely incoherent viewpoints that erode a user's trust in the moral…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Caleb Ziems , Jane A. Yu , Yi-Chia Wang , Alon Halevy , Diyi Yang

As artificial intelligence systems become increasingly agentic, capable of general reasoning, planning, and value prioritization, current safety practices that treat obedience as a proxy for ethical behavior are becoming inadequate. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Joseph Boland

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Ethics is a nascent yet critical research field. Recent developments in generative AI and foundational models necessitate a renewed look at the problem of AI Ethics. In this study, we perform a bibliometric…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Di Kevin Gao , Andrew Haverly , Sudip Mittal , Jingdao Chen

Although artificial intelligence (AI) is solving real-world challenges and transforming industries, there are serious concerns about its ability to behave and make decisions in a responsible way. Many AI ethics principles and guidelines for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-22 Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu , Xiwei Xu , Jon Whittle , David Douglas , Conrad Sanderson