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Eye-tracking offers rich insights into student cognition and engagement, but remains underutilized in classroom-facing educational technology due to challenges in data interpretation and accessibility. In this paper, we present the…

We present a method for human pose tracking that is based on learning spatiotemporal relationships among joints. Beyond generating the heatmap of a joint in a given frame, our system also learns to predict the offset of the joint from a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-28 Xiao Sun , Chuankang Li , Stephen Lin

Due to the recent outbreak of COVID-19, many classes, exams, and meetings have been conducted non-face-to-face. However, the foundation for video conferencing solutions is still insufficient. So this technology has become an important…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Suneung-Kim , Seong-Whan Lee

The Transformer is a highly successful deep learning model that has revolutionised the world of artificial neural networks, first in natural language processing and later in computer vision. This model is based on the attention mechanism…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Riccardo Ughi , Eugenio Lomurno , Matteo Matteucci

By analyzing the gaze trajectories of people viewing screens and advertisements, we can determine what people are interested in. This knowledge can be effective when recommending commercial products and services, and also, when improving…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yuri Miyagi , Nils Rodrigues , Daniel Weiskopf , Takayuki Itoh

Despite advances in Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models, robotic manipulation struggles with fine-grained tasks because current models lack mechanisms for active visual attention allocation. Human gaze naturally encodes intent, planning,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Anupam Pani , Yanchao Yang

The visual focus of attention (VFOA) has been recognized as a prominent conversational cue. We are interested in estimating and tracking the VFOAs associated with multi-party social interactions. We note that in this type of situations the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-21 Benoît Massé , Silèye Ba , Radu Horaud

Recent work has proven the effectiveness of transformers in many computer vision tasks. However, the performance of transformers in gaze estimation is still unexplored. In this paper, we employ transformers and assess their effectiveness…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Yihua Cheng , Feng Lu

Imitation learning for acquiring generalizable policies often requires a large volume of demonstration data, making the process significantly costly. One promising strategy to address this challenge is to leverage the cognitive and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Yutaro Ishida , Takamitsu Matsubara , Takayuki Kanai , Kazuhiro Shintani , Hiroshi Bito

In this paper, we tackle the problem of detecting objects in 3D and forecasting their future motion in the context of self-driving. Towards this goal, we design a novel approach that explicitly takes into account the interactions between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Lingyun Luke Li , Bin Yang , Ming Liang , Wenyuan Zeng , Mengye Ren , Sean Segal , Raquel Urtasun

As an indicator of human attention gaze is a subtle behavioral cue which can be exploited in many applications. However, inferring 3D gaze direction is challenging even for deep neural networks given the lack of large amount of data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-25 Yu Yu , Gang Liu , Jean-Marc Odobez

Gaze target detection (GTD) is the task of predicting where a person in an image is looking. This is a challenging task, as it requires the ability to understand the relationship between the person's head, body, and eyes, as well as the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Athul M. Mathew , Arshad Ali Khan , Thariq Khalid , Faroq AL-Tam , Riad Souissi

Joint attention is a core, early-developing form of social interaction. It is based on our ability to discriminate the third party objects that other people are looking at. While it has been shown that people can accurately determine…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-12-09 Tao Gao , Daniel Harari , Joshua Tenenbaum , Shimon Ullman

The way our eyes move while reading can tell us about the cognitive effort required to process the text. In the present study, we use this fact to generate texts with controllable reading ease. Our method employs a model that predicts human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Andreas Säuberli , Darja Jepifanova , Diego Frassinelli , Barbara Plank

For a service robot, it is crucial to perceive as early as possible that an approaching person intends to interact: in this case, it can proactively enact friendly behaviors that lead to an improved user experience. We solve this perception…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Simone Arreghini , Gabriele Abbate , Alessandro Giusti , Antonio Paolillo

Gait recognition, which identifies individuals based on their walking patterns, is an important biometric technique since it can be observed from a distance and does not require the subject's cooperation. Recognizing a person's gait is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Haidong Zhu , Zhaoheng Zheng , Ram Nevatia

There has been a recent surge of interest in time series modeling using the Transformer architecture. However, forecasting multivariate time series with Transformer presents a unique challenge as it requires modeling both temporal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Yu-Hsiang Lan , Eric K. Oermann

Gaze estimation encounters generalization challenges when dealing with out-of-distribution data. To address this problem, recent methods use neural radiance fields (NeRF) to generate augmented data. However, existing methods based on NeRF…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Xiaobao Wei , Peng Chen , Guangyu Li , Ming Lu , Hui Chen , Feng Tian

An increasing number of works explore collaborative human-computer systems in which human gaze is used to enhance computer vision systems. For object detection these efforts were so far restricted to late integration approaches that have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-05-22 Iaroslav Shcherbatyi , Andreas Bulling , Mario Fritz

World-wide-web, with the website and webpage as the main interface, facilitates the dissemination of important information. Hence it is crucial to optimize them for better user interaction, which is primarily done by analyzing users'…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-09 Ciheng Zhang , Decky Aspandi , Steffen Staab