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Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown great promise with algorithms learning in environments with large state and action spaces purely from scalar reward signals. A crucial challenge for current deep RL algorithms is that they require a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Shivakanth Sujit , Pedro H. M. Braga , Jorg Bornschein , Samira Ebrahimi Kahou

Recommender systems are widely used to suggest engaging content, and Large Language Models (LLMs) have given rise to generative recommenders. Such systems can directly generate items, including for open-set tasks like question suggestion.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Lütfi Kerem Senel , Besnik Fetahu , Davis Yoshida , Zhiyu Chen , Giuseppe Castellucci , Nikhita Vedula , Jason Choi , Shervin Malmasi

We investigate Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) in the context of a general preference oracle. In particular, we do not assume the existence of a reward function and an oracle preference signal drawn from the Bradley-Terry…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Chenlu Ye , Wei Xiong , Yuheng Zhang , Hanze Dong , Nan Jiang , Tong Zhang

Recommending fashion items often leverages rich user profiles and makes targeted suggestions based on past history and previous purchases. In this paper, we work under the assumption that no prior knowledge is given about a user. We propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Federico Becattini , Xiaolin Chen , Andrea Puccia , Haokun Wen , Xuemeng Song , Liqiang Nie , Alberto Del Bimbo

The application of machine learning techniques to large-scale personalized recommendation problems is a challenging task. Such systems must make sense of enormous amounts of implicit feedback in order to understand user preferences across…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-01-15 Thom Lake , Sinead A. Williamson , Alexander T. Hawk , Christopher C. Johnson , Benjamin P. Wing

In a sequential decision-making problem, off-policy evaluation estimates the expected cumulative reward of a target policy using logged trajectory data generated from a different behavior policy, without execution of the target policy.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Jie Wang , Rui Gao , Hongyuan Zha

With the rise of online e-commerce platforms, more and more customers prefer to shop online. To sell more products, online platforms introduce various modules to recommend items with different properties such as huge discounts. A web page…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Xu He , Bo An , Yanghua Li , Haikai Chen , Rundong Wang , Xinrun Wang , Runsheng Yu , Xin Li , Zhirong Wang

Modern decision-making systems, from robots to web recommendation engines, are expected to adapt: to user preferences, changing circumstances or even new tasks. Yet, it is still uncommon to deploy a dynamically learning agent (rather than a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Shengpu Tang , Felipe Vieira Frujeri , Dipendra Misra , Alex Lamb , John Langford , Paul Mineiro , Sebastian Kochman

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) presents distinct challenges as it relies solely on observational data. A central concern in this context is ensuring the safety of the learned policy by quantifying uncertainties associated with various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Xiaocong Chen , Siyu Wang , Tong Yu , Lina Yao

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) optimizes the policy on a previously collected dataset without any interactions with the environment, yet usually suffers from the distributional shift problem. To mitigate this issue, a typical solution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Qisen Yang , Shenzhi Wang , Qihang Zhang , Gao Huang , Shiji Song

In this paper, we propose a novel ranking framework for collaborative filtering with the overall aim of learning user preferences over items by minimizing a pairwise ranking loss. We show the minimization problem involves dependent random…

Digital human recommendation system has been developed to help customers find their favorite products and is playing an active role in various recommendation contexts. How to timely catch and learn the dynamics of the preferences of the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Xiong Junwu , Xiaoyun Feng , YunZhou Shi , James Zhang , Zhongzhou Zhao , Wei Zhou

We address policy learning with logged data in contextual bandits. Current offline-policy learning algorithms are mostly based on inverse propensity score (IPS) weighting requiring the logging policy to have \emph{full support} i.e. a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-07-27 Hung Tran-The , Sunil Gupta , Thanh Nguyen-Tang , Santu Rana , Svetha Venkatesh

The evaluation of recommendation systems is a complex task. The offline and online evaluation metrics for recommender systems are ambiguous in their true objectives. The majority of recently published papers benchmark their methods using…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Petr Kasalický , Rodrigo Alves , Pavel Kordík

Conversational recommender systems aim to provide personalized recommendations via natural language interactions. However, existing approaches either decouple recommendation from dialog generation or rely on retrieval-based pipelines,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Sixiao Zhang , Mingrui Liu , Cheng Long

Learning agents that excel at sequential decision-making tasks must continuously resolve the problem of exploration and exploitation for optimal learning. However, such interactions with the environment online might be prohibitively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Ambedkar Dukkipati , Ranga Shaarad Ayyagari , Bodhisattwa Dasgupta , Parag Dutta , Prabhas Reddy Onteru

Personalised interactive systems such as recommender systems require selecting relevant items from massive catalogs dependent on context. Reward-driven offline optimisation of these systems can be achieved by a relaxation of the discrete…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Otmane Sakhi , David Rohde , Alexandre Gilotte

The correct specification of reward models is a well-known challenge in reinforcement learning. Hand-crafted reward functions often lead to inefficient or suboptimal policies and may not be aligned with user values. Reinforcement learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Muhan Lin , Shuyang Shi , Yue Guo , Behdad Chalaki , Vaishnav Tadiparthi , Ehsan Moradi Pari , Simon Stepputtis , Joseph Campbell , Katia Sycara

Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) and Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) are pivotal methodologies in reward learning, which involve inferring and shaping the underlying reward function of sequential decision-making…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Kihyun Kim , Jiawei Zhang , Asuman Ozdaglar , Pablo A. Parrilo

Supervised imitation-based approaches are often favored over off-policy reinforcement learning approaches for learning policies offline, since their straightforward optimization objective makes them computationally efficient and stable to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Adam Jelley , Trevor McInroe , Sam Devlin , Amos Storkey