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Generative AI can be framed as the problem of learning a model that maps simple reference measures into complex data distributions, and it has recently found a strong connection to the classical theory of the Schr\"odinger bridge problems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Jin Ma , Ying Tan , Renyuan Xu

Modern distribution matching algorithms for training diffusion or flow models directly prescribe the time evolution of the marginal distributions between two boundary distributions. In this work, we consider a generalized distribution…

We consider the problem of sampling transition paths between two given metastable states of a molecular system, e.g. a folded and unfolded protein or products and reactants of a chemical reaction. Due to the existence of high energy…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-07-19 Lars Holdijk , Yuanqi Du , Ferry Hooft , Priyank Jaini , Bernd Ensing , Max Welling

We treat the problem of risk-aware control for stochastic shortest path (SSP) on Markov decision processes (MDP). Typically, expectation is considered for SSP, which however is oblivious to the incurred risk. We present an alternative view,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-04 Tobias Meggendorfer

Most machine learning and deep neural network algorithms rely on certain iterative algorithms to optimise their utility/cost functions, e.g. Stochastic Gradient Descent. In distributed learning, the networked nodes have to work…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-10-06 Liang Wang , Ben Catterall , Richard Mortier

The problem of reconciling a prior probability law on paths with data was introduced by E. Schr\"odinger in 1931/32. It represents an early formulation of a maximum likelihood problem. This specific formulation can also be seen as the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-13 Asmaa Eldesoukey , Tryphon T. Georgiou

We consider the problem to steer a linear dynamical system with full state observation from an initial gaussian distribution in state-space to a final one with minimum energy control. The system is stochastically driven through the control…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2014-08-12 Yongxin Chen , Tryphon Georgiou , Michele Pavon

A Schr\"{o}dinger bridge establishes a dynamic transport map between two target distributions via a reference process, simultaneously solving an associated entropic optimal transport problem. We consider the setting where samples from the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Stefano Peluchetti

We consider the problem of finding a control policy for a Markov Decision Process (MDP) to maximize the probability of reaching some states while avoiding some other states. This problem is motivated by applications in robotics, where such…

Simulating trajectories of multi-particle systems on complex energy landscapes is a central task in molecular dynamics (MD) and drug discovery, but remains challenging at scale due to computationally expensive and long simulations. Previous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Sophia Tang , Yinuo Zhang , Pranam Chatterjee

The emergence of transition phenomena between metastable states induced by noise plays a fundamental role in a broad range of nonlinear systems. The computation of the most probable paths is a key issue to understand the mechanism of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-01-27 Yang Li , Jinqiao Duan , Xianbin Liu

The Schr\"{o}dinger bridge (SB) has evolved into a universal class of probabilistic generative models. In practice, however, estimated learning signals are innately uncertain, and the reliability promised by existing methods is often based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Dong-Sig Han , Jaein Kim , Hee Bin Yoo , Byoung-Tak Zhang

In this paper, we consider the problem of real-time transmission scheduling over time-varying channels. We first formulate the transmission scheduling problem as a Markov decision process (MDP) and systematically unravel the structural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2010-03-15 Fangwen Fu , Mihaela van der Schaar

We consider an expected-value ranking and selection (R&S) problem where all k solutions' simulation outputs depend on a common parameter whose uncertainty can be modeled by a distribution. We define the most probable best (MPB) to be the…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-23 Taeho Kim , Kyoung-kuk Kim , Eunhye Song

The Mean-Field Schrodinger Bridge (MFSB) problem is an optimization problem aiming to find the minimum effort control policy to drive a McKean-Vlassov stochastic differential equation from one probability measure to another. In the context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-19 George Rapakoulias , Ali Reza Pedram , Panagiotis Tsiotras

In this paper, we study the Schr\"odinger Bridge Problem (SBP), which is central to entropic optimal transport. For general reference processes and begin--endpoint distributions, we propose a forward-reverse iterative Monte Carlo procedure…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-02 Denis Belomestny , John. Schoenmakers

The paper deals with finite-state Markov decision processes (MDPs) with integer weights assigned to each state-action pair. New algorithms are presented to classify end components according to their limiting behavior with respect to the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-05-01 Christel Baier , Nathalie Bertrand , Clemens Dubslaff , Daniel Gburek , Ocan Sankur

Leveraging connections between diffusion-based sampling, optimal transport, and stochastic optimal control through their shared links to the Schr\"odinger bridge problem, we propose novel objective functions that can be used to transport…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-11 Qijia Jiang , David Nabergoj

Mixed-integer model predictive control (MI-MPC) requires the solution of a mixed-integer quadratic program (MIQP) at each sampling instant under strict timing constraints, where part of the state and control variables can only assume a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-03-22 Pedro Hespanhol , Rien Quirynen , Stefano Di Cairano

We show that the minimum effort control of colloidal self-assembly can be naturally formulated in the order-parameter space as a generalized Schr\"{o}dinger bridge problem -- a class of fixed-horizon stochastic optimal control problems that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-10-17 Iman Nodozi , Charlie Yan , Mira Khare , Abhishek Halder , Ali Mesbah