Related papers: Spin and orbital angular momenta of electromagneti…
Quark spin and orbital angular momentum in the nucleon are calculated in symmetry-breaking chiral quark model. The results are compared with data and other models.
Classical transport equations with probabilistic initial conditions can be viewed as quantum systems. In a discrete version they are probabilistic automata. The time-local probabilistic information is encoded in a classical wave function.…
Plane electromagnetic and gravitational waves interact with particles in such a way as to cause them to oscillate not only in the transverse direction but also along the direction of propagation. The electromagnetic case is usually shown by…
Angular momentum in classical and quantum mechanics is carried out beyond textbooks frames. We compare angular distribution of particle position with classical probabilistic approach. Addition of angular momenta is also discussed together…
The energy and momentum densities of the fields of a free electron in a plane electromagnetic wave include interference terms that are the classical version of the ``dressing'' of the electron the arises in a quantum analysis. The…
The manner in which probability amplitudes of paths sum up to form wave functions of orbital angular momentum eigenstates is described. Using a generalization of stationary-phase analysis, distributions are derived that provide a measure of…
We investigate the quantum mechanical wave equations for free particles of spin 0,1/2,1 in the background of an arbitrary static gravitational field in order to explicitly determine if the phase of the wavefunction is $S/\hbar = \int…
Recently interesting observations on electron vortex beams, which have angular momentum about the center of the vortex beams, have been made. We have shown that the basic features of the electron vortex beams in a uniform magnetic field are…
The problem of the position and spin in relativistic quantum mechanics is analyzed in detail. It is definitively shown that the position and spin operators in the Foldy-Wouthuysen representation (but not in the Dirac one) are…
It is known that internal energy flow in a light beam can be divided into the orbital flow, associated with the macroscopic energy redistribution within the beam, and the spin flow originating from instantaneous rotation of the field…
Astronomical observations of the orbital angular momentum of photons, a property of electromagnetic radiation that has come to the fore in recent years, have apparently never been attempted. Here, I show that measurements of this property…
It is shown that all of the basic properties of the hydrogen atom can be consistently described in terms of classical electrodynamics instead of taking the electron to be a particle; we consider an electrically charged classical wave field,…
The motion of circular WP for one electron in central Coulomb field with high Z is calculated. The WP is defined in terms of solutions of the Dirac equation in order to take into account all possible relevant effects in particular the…
Using concepts of geometric orthogonality and linear independence, we logically deduce the form of the Pauli spin matrices and the relationships between the three spatially orthogonal basis sets of the spin-1/2 system. Rather than a…
The magnitude of the topological charge of the vortex of a ring-shaped pulse is found to be limited by the squared mean frequency of the pulse spectrum at the ring relative to its variance. This limitation implies a upper bound to the…
The recent demonstration of electron vortex beams has opened up the new possibility of studying orbital angular momentum (OAM) in the interaction between electron beams and matter. To this aim, methods to analyze the OAM of an electron beam…
Orbital angular momentum (OAM) has aroused a widespread interest in many fields, especially in telecommunications due to its potential for unleashing new capacity in the severely congested spectrum of commercial communication systems. Beams…
The quantum mechanical operator for angular momentum is transformed from the real plane into the complex plane. In doing so, the Cauchy-Riemann (C-R) equations are interpreted as constraint conditions defining two distinct domains where…
We address and solve the long-standing gauge-invariance problem of the nucleon spin structure. Explicitly gauge-invariant spin and orbital angular momentum operators of quarks and gluons are obtained. This was previously thought to be an…
The energy of a quantum particle cannot be determined exactly unless there is an infinite amount of time in which to perform the measurement. This paper considers the possibility that $\Delta E$, the uncertainty in the energy, may be…