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There have been many recent investigations into prompt-based training of transformer language models for new text genres in low-resource settings. The prompt-based training approach has been found to be effective in generalizing pre-trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Jennifer D'Souza , Moussab Hrou , Sören Auer

Source code summarizing is a task of writing short, natural language descriptions of source code behavior during run time. Such summaries are extremely useful for software development and maintenance but are expensive to manually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-03 Vivek Gupta

We study learning to learn for the multi-task structured bandit problem where the goal is to learn a near-optimal algorithm that minimizes cumulative regret. The tasks share a common structure and an algorithm should exploit the shared…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Subhojyoti Mukherjee , Josiah P. Hanna , Qiaomin Xie , Robert Nowak

This article describes our experiments in neural machine translation using the recent Tensor2Tensor framework and the Transformer sequence-to-sequence model (Vaswani et al., 2017). We examine some of the critical parameters that affect the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-03 Martin Popel , Ondřej Bojar

Transformer model architectures have garnered immense interest lately due to their effectiveness across a range of domains like language, vision and reinforcement learning. In the field of natural language processing for example,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Yi Tay , Mostafa Dehghani , Dara Bahri , Donald Metzler

In recent years we have witnessed an increase in cyber threats and malicious software attacks on different platforms with important consequences to persons and businesses. It has become critical to find automated machine learning techniques…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Abir Rahali , Moulay A. Akhloufi

Transformers have achieved great success across a wide range of applications, yet the theoretical foundations underlying their success remain largely unexplored. To demystify the strong capacities of transformers applied to versatile…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Chenyang Zhang , Qingyue Zhao , Quanquan Gu , Yuan Cao

Language Model pre-training uses broad data mixtures to enhance performance across domains and languages. However, training on such heterogeneous text corpora requires extensive and expensive efforts. Since these data sources vary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Alex Iacob , Lorenzo Sani , Meghdad Kurmanji , William F. Shen , Xinchi Qiu , Dongqi Cai , Yan Gao , Nicholas D. Lane

Transformer channel decoders, such as the Error Correction Code Transformer (ECCT), have shown strong empirical performance in channel decoding, yet their generalization behavior remains theoretically unclear. This paper studies the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Qinshan Zhang , Bin Chen , Yong Jiang , Shu-Tao Xia

The Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) were proposed in the natural language process (NLP) and shows promising results. Recently researchers applied the BERT to source-code representation learning and reported…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-14 Lan Zhang , Chen Cao , Zhilong Wang , Peng Liu

In recent years, interest in vision-language tasks has grown, especially those involving chart interactions. These tasks are inherently multimodal, requiring models to process chart images, accompanying text, underlying data tables, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Mirna Al-Shetairy , Hanan Hindy , Dina Khattab , Mostafa M. Aref

Transformers have demonstrated effectiveness in in-context solving data-fitting problems from various (latent) models, as reported by Garg et al. However, the absence of an inherent iterative structure in the transformer architecture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Liu Yang , Kangwook Lee , Robert Nowak , Dimitris Papailiopoulos

Pre-training a language model and then fine-tuning it has shown to be an efficient and effective technique for a wide range of code intelligence tasks, such as code generation, code summarization, and vulnerability detection. However,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Zhangqian Bi , Yao Wan , Zhaoyang Chu , Yufei Hu , Junyi Zhang , Hongyu Zhang , Guandong Xu , Hai Jin

Pre-trained language models have been shown to encode linguistic structures, e.g. dependency and constituency parse trees, in their embeddings while being trained on unsupervised loss functions like masked language modeling. Some doubts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Haoyu Zhao , Abhishek Panigrahi , Rong Ge , Sanjeev Arora

Closed-loop control of nonlinear dynamical systems with partial-state observability demands expert knowledge of a diverse, less standardized set of theoretical tools. Moreover, it requires a delicate integration of controller and estimator…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-04 Xiangyuan Zhang , Weichao Mao , Haoran Qiu , Tamer Başar

Transformer architectures have facilitated the development of large-scale and general-purpose sequence models for prediction tasks in natural language processing and computer vision, e.g., GPT-3 and Swin Transformer. Although originally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Muning Wen , Runji Lin , Hanjing Wang , Yaodong Yang , Ying Wen , Luo Mai , Jun Wang , Haifeng Zhang , Weinan Zhang

Transformer has been widely used thanks to its ability to capture sequence information in an efficient way. However, recent developments, such as BERT and GPT-2, deliver only heavy architectures with a focus on effectiveness. In this paper,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-17 Chenguang Wang , Zihao Ye , Aston Zhang , Zheng Zhang , Alexander J. Smola

All data on the Internet are transferred by network traffic, thus accurately modeling network traffic can help improve network services quality and protect data privacy. Pretrained models for network traffic can utilize large-scale raw data…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Xuying Meng , Chungang Lin , Yequan Wang , Yujun Zhang

Deep generative models such as Variational Autoencoders (VAEs), Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), Diffusion Models, and Transformers, have shown great promise in a variety of applications, including image and speech synthesis, natural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Lyle Regenwetter , Akash Srivastava , Dan Gutfreund , Faez Ahmed

AI-based solutions demonstrate remarkable results in identifying vulnerabilities in software, but research has consistently found that this performance does not generalize to unseen codebases. In this paper, we specifically investigate the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Rijha Safdar , Danyail Mateen , Syed Taha Ali , M. Umer Ashfaq , Wajahat Hussain