English
Related papers

Related papers: ToRA: A Tool-Integrated Reasoning Agent for Mathem…

200 papers

Large vision language models exhibit notable limitations on Geometry Problem Solving (GPS) because of their unreliable diagram interpretation and pure natural-language reasoning. A recent line of work mitigates this by using symbolic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Tianyun Yang , Yunwen Li , Ziniu Li , Zhihang Lin , Ruoyu Sun , Tian Ding

Business documents often contain substantial tabular and textual information with numerical values, requiring mathematical reasoning for effective document understanding. While Small Language Models (SLMs) still struggle at this task,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Vishnou Vinayagame , Gregory Senay , Luis Martí

Large reasoning models (LRMs) have achieved strong performance enhancement through scaling test time computation, but due to the inherent limitations of the underlying language models, they still have shortcomings in tasks that require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Ruotao Xu , Yixin Ji , Yu Luo , Jinpeng Li , Dong Li , Peifeng Li , Juntao Li , Min Zhang

Tool-Integrated Reasoning (TIR) has emerged as a promising direction by extending Large Language Models' (LLMs) capabilities with external tools during reasoning. Existing TIR methods typically rely on external tool documentation during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Qiancheng Xu , Yongqi Li , Fan Liu , Hongru Wang , Min Yang , Wenjie Li

In recent years, large pretrained models have been used in dialogue systems to improve successful task completion rates. However, lack of reasoning capabilities of dialogue platforms make it difficult to provide relevant and fluent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-10 Sajjad Beygi , Maryam Fazel-Zarandi , Alessandra Cervone , Prakash Krishnan , Siddhartha Reddy Jonnalagadda

Recent advances in mathematical problem-solving with language models (LMs) integrate chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning and code execution to harness their complementary strengths. However, existing hybrid frameworks exhibit a critical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Haozhe Wang , Long Li , Chao Qu , Fengming Zhu , Weidi Xu , Wei Chu , Fangzhen Lin

Tool-integrated reasoning (TIR) has become a key approach for improving large reasoning models (LRMs) on complex problems. Prior work has mainly studied when to invoke tools, while overlooking how tools are applied. We identify two common…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Ningning Xu , Yuxuan Jiang , Shubhashis Roy Dipta , Hengyuan Zhang

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) has widely enhanced mathematical reasoning in Large Language Models (LLMs), but it still remains challenging for extending it to multimodal domains. Existing works either adopt a similar textual reasoning for image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Xinyan Chen , Renrui Zhang , Dongzhi Jiang , Aojun Zhou , Shilin Yan , Weifeng Lin , Hongsheng Li

Large language models (LLMs) often struggle with mathematical problems that require exact computation or multi-step algebraic reasoning. Tool-integrated reasoning (TIR) offers a promising solution by leveraging external tools such as code…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Xingyue Huang , Xianglong Hu , Zifeng Ding , Yuan He , Rishabh , Waleed Alzarooni , Ziyu Ye , Wendong Fan , Bailan He , Haige Bo , Changran Hu , Guohao Li

Large language models (LLMs), such as GPT-4, have shown remarkable performance in natural language processing (NLP) tasks, including challenging mathematical reasoning. However, most existing open-source models are only pre-trained on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Haipeng Luo , Qingfeng Sun , Can Xu , Pu Zhao , Jianguang Lou , Chongyang Tao , Xiubo Geng , Qingwei Lin , Shifeng Chen , Yansong Tang , Dongmei Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have pushed the limits of natural language understanding and exhibited excellent problem-solving ability. Despite the great success, most existing open-source LLMs (e.g., LLaMA-2) are still far away from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Longhui Yu , Weisen Jiang , Han Shi , Jincheng Yu , Zhengying Liu , Yu Zhang , James T. Kwok , Zhenguo Li , Adrian Weller , Weiyang Liu

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in complex reasoning tasks, yet they remain fundamentally limited by their reliance on static internal knowledge and text-only reasoning. Real-world problem solving often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Joykirat Singh , Raghav Magazine , Yash Pandya , Akshay Nambi

Process Reward Models (PRMs) have shown promise in enhancing the mathematical reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) through Test-Time Scaling (TTS). However, their integration into multimodal reasoning remains largely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Ruilin Luo , Zhuofan Zheng , Yifan Wang , Xinzhe Ni , Zicheng Lin , Songtao Jiang , Yiyao Yu , Chufan Shi , Lei Wang , Ruihang Chu , Jin Zeng , Yujiu Yang

The use of Large Language Models (LLMs) in mathematical reasoning has become a cornerstone of related research, demonstrating the intelligence of these models and enabling potential practical applications through their advanced performance,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Kathrin Seßler , Yao Rong , Emek Gözlüklü , Enkelejda Kasneci

This paper presents a practical investigation into fine-tuning model parameters for mathematical reasoning tasks through experimenting with various configurations including randomness control, reasoning depth, and sampling strategies,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Pranav Pawar , Dhwaj Jain , Varun Gupta , Kaustav Dedhia , Dashrath Kale , Sudhir Dhekane

Large language models demonstrate exceptional performance in simple code generation tasks but still face challenges in tackling complex problems. These challenges may stem from insufficient reasoning and problem decomposition capabilities.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Bin Xu , Yiguan Lin , Yinghao Li , Yang Gao

Complex table question answering (TQA) aims to answer questions that require complex reasoning, such as multi-step or multi-category reasoning, over data represented in tabular form. Previous approaches demonstrated notable performance by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Wei Zhou , Mohsen Mesgar , Annemarie Friedrich , Heike Adel

Numerical reasoning over text is a challenging task of Artificial Intelligence (AI), requiring reading comprehension and numerical reasoning abilities. Previous approaches use numerical reasoning programs to represent the reasoning process.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Jiaxin Zhang , Yashar Moshfeghi

In the rapidly evolving field of natural language processing, the translation of linguistic descriptions into mathematical formulation of optimization problems presents a formidable challenge, demanding intricate understanding and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Tasnim Ahmed , Salimur Choudhury

Large Language Models (LLM) exhibit zero-shot mathematical reasoning capacity as a behavior emergent with scale, commonly manifesting as chain-of-thoughts (CoT) reasoning. However, multiple empirical findings suggest that this prowess is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Subhabrata Dutta , Joykirat Singh , Ishan Pandey , Sunny Manchanda , Soumen Chakrabarti , Tanmoy Chakraborty