English
Related papers

Related papers: Utility-based Adaptive Teaching Strategies using B…

200 papers

Job interview simulation with a virtual agents aims at improving people's social skills and supporting professional inclusion. In such simulators, the virtual agent must be capable of representing and reasoning about the user's mental state…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-02-21 Marwen Belkaid , Nicolas Sabouret

Theory of Mind (ToM) refers to the ability to reason about others' mental states, and higher-order ToM involves considering that others also possess their own ToM. Equipping large language model (LLM)-driven agents with ToM has long been…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Chunjiang Mu , Ya Zeng , Qiaosheng Zhang , Kun Shao , Chen Chu , Hao Guo , Danyang Jia , Zhen Wang , Shuyue Hu

Humans learn from observations and experiences to adjust their behaviours towards better performance. Interacting with such dynamic humans is challenging, as the robot needs to predict the humans accurately for safe and efficient…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Yuwen Liao , Muqing Cao , Xinhang Xu , Lihua Xie

Theory of Mind (ToM) is a fundamental cognitive architecture that endows humans with the ability to attribute mental states to others. Humans infer the desires, beliefs, and intentions of others by observing their behavior and, in turn,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Chuang Yu , Baris Serhan , Angelo Cangelosi

Theory of Mind (ToM), the ability to understand people's mental states, is an essential ingredient for developing machines with human-level social intelligence. Recent machine learning models, particularly large language models, seem to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Chuanyang Jin , Yutong Wu , Jing Cao , Jiannan Xiang , Yen-Ling Kuo , Zhiting Hu , Tomer Ullman , Antonio Torralba , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Tianmin Shu

Theory of Mind (ToM) is the ability to understand and reflect on the mental states of others. Although this capability is crucial for human interaction, testing on Large Language Models (LLMs) reveals that they possess only a rudimentary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Sneheel Sarangi , Maha Elgarf , Hanan Salam

Theory of Mind (ToM) refers to the cognitive ability to infer and attribute mental states to oneself and others. As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly evaluated for social and cognitive capabilities, it remains unclear to what…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Jayanta Sadhu , Ayan Antik Khan , Noshin Nawal , Sanju Basak , Abhik Bhattacharjee , Rifat Shahriyar

Theory of Mind (ToM) -- the ability to infer what others are thinking (e.g., intentions) from observable cues -- is traditionally considered fundamental to human social interactions. This has sparked growing efforts in building and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Qiaosi Wang , Jini Kim , Avanita Sharma , Alicia , Lee , Jodi Forlizzi , Hong Shen

Existing approaches to Theory of Mind (ToM) in Artificial Intelligence (AI) overemphasize prompted, or cue-based, ToM, which may limit our collective ability to develop Artificial Social Intelligence (ASI). Drawing from research in computer…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Nikolos Gurney , David V. Pynadath , Volkan Ustun

Teaching plays a very important role in our society, by spreading human knowledge and educating our next generations. A good teacher will select appropriate teaching materials, impact suitable methodologies, and set up targeted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-11 Yang Fan , Fei Tian , Tao Qin , Xiang-Yang Li , Tie-Yan Liu

Recent work on dialogue-based collaborative plan acquisition (CPA) has suggested that Theory of Mind (ToM) modelling can improve missing knowledge prediction in settings with asymmetric skill-sets and knowledge. Although ToM was claimed to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Matteo Bortoletto , Constantin Ruhdorfer , Adnen Abdessaied , Lei Shi , Andreas Bulling

Despite the recent advancement in the social robotic field, important limitations restrain its progress and delay the application of robots in everyday scenarios. In the present paper, we propose to develop computational models inspired by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Francesca Bianco , Dimitri Ognibene

Theory of Mind (ToM)-the ability to reason about the mental states of oneself and others-is a cornerstone of human social intelligence. As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into daily life, understanding their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Ruirui Chen , Weifeng Jiang , Chengwei Qin , Cheston Tan

Within the context of human-robot interaction (HRI), Theory of Mind (ToM) is intended to serve as a user-friendly backend to the interface of robotic systems, enabling robots to infer and respond to human mental states. When integrated into…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Marie S. Bauer , Julia Gachot , Matthias Kerzel , Cornelius Weber , Stefan Wermter

Theory of Mind (ToM) significantly impacts human collaboration and communication as a crucial capability to understand others. When AI agents with ToM capability collaborate with humans, Mutual Theory of Mind (MToM) arises in such human-AI…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Shao Zhang , Xihuai Wang , Wenhao Zhang , Yongshan Chen , Landi Gao , Dakuo Wang , Weinan Zhang , Xinbing Wang , Ying Wen

Cognitive modeling, which explores the essence of cognition, including motivation, emotion, and perception, has been widely applied in the artificial intelligence (AI) agent domains, such as robotics. From the computational perspective,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Qin Yang

How do LLMs decide what to teach next: by reasoning about a learner's knowledge, or by using simpler rules of thumb? We test this in a controlled task previously used to study human teaching strategies. On each trial, a teacher LLM sees a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Sevan K. Harootonian , Mark K. Ho , Thomas L. Griffiths , Yael Niv , Ilia Sucholutsky

Theory of Mind is the ability to attribute mental states (beliefs, intents, knowledge, perspectives, etc.) to others and recognize that these mental states may differ from one's own. Theory of Mind is critical to effective communication and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Arjun Chandrasekaran , Deshraj Yadav , Prithvijit Chattopadhyay , Viraj Prabhu , Devi Parikh

Theory of Mind (ToM) is a critical component of intelligence but its assessment remains the subject of heated debates. Prior research applied human ToM assessments to natural language processing models using either human-created…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Damien Sileo , Antoine Lernould

Theory of Mind (ToM) refers to the ability to infer others' mental states, such as beliefs, desires, and intentions. Current vision-language embodied agents lack ToM-based decision-making, and existing benchmarks focus solely on human…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Ruoxuan Zhang , Qiyun Zheng , Zhiyu Zhou , Ziqi Liao , Siyu Wu , Jian-Yu Jiang-Lin , Bin Wen , Hongxia Xie , Jianlong Fu , Wen-Huang Cheng