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Effective processing, interpretation, and management of sensor data have emerged as a critical component of cyber-physical systems. Traditionally, processing sensor data requires profound theoretical knowledge and proficiency in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Pengrui Quan , Xiaomin Ouyang , Jeya Vikranth Jeyakumar , Ziqi Wang , Yang Xing , Mani Srivastava

Aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences through finetuning is resource-intensive, motivating lightweight alternatives at test time. We address test-time alignment through the lens of sequential decision making, a…

Self-Consistency mitigates hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) by sampling multiple reasoning paths,but it lacks a systematic approach to determine the optimal number of samples or select the most faithful rationale. To address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Guangya Wan , Yuqi Wu , Jie Chen , Sheng Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated great promise in generating code, especially when used inside an evolutionary computation framework to iteratively optimize the generated algorithms. However, in some cases they fail to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Niki van Stein , Anna V. Kononova , Lars Kotthoff , Thomas Bäck

We devise an algorithm to generate propositions that objectively instantiate graphs supporting coherence-driven inference. We also benchmark the ability of large language models (LLMs) to reconstruct coherence graphs from (a simple…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Steve Huntsman , Jewell Thomas

Outcome-reward reinforcement learning (RL) is a common and increasingly significant way to refine the step-by-step reasoning of multimodal large language models (MLLMs). In the multiple-choice setting - a dominant format for multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Jiahao Wang , Weiye Xu , Aijun Yang , Wengang Zhou , Lewei Lu , Houqiang Li , Xiaohua Wang , Jinguo Zhu

The recent advancements of Small Language Models (SLMs) have opened new possibilities for efficient code generation. SLMs offer lightweight and cost-effective alternatives to Large Language Models (LLMs), making them attractive for use in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Md Mahade Hasan , Muhammad Waseem , Kai-Kristian Kemell , Jussi Rasku , Juha Ala-Rantala , Pekka Abrahamsson

This study provides the first comprehensive assessment of consistency and reproducibility in Large Language Model (LLM) outputs in finance and accounting research. We evaluate how consistently LLMs produce outputs given identical inputs…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-09-16 Julian Junyan Wang , Victor Xiaoqi Wang

Self-correction has emerged as a promising solution to boost the reasoning performance of large language models (LLMs), where LLMs refine their solutions using self-generated critiques that pinpoint the errors. This work explores whether…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Yunxiang Zhang , Muhammad Khalifa , Lajanugen Logeswaran , Jaekyeom Kim , Moontae Lee , Honglak Lee , Lu Wang

Self-consistency methods are the core technique for improving the reasoning reliability of multimodal large language models (MLLMs). By generating multiple reasoning results through repeated sampling and selecting the best answer via…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Xinglong Yang , Zhilin Peng , Zhanzhan Liu , Haochen Shi , Sheng-Jun Huang

Despite the strong reasoning ability of large language models~(LLMs), they are prone to errors and hallucinations. As a result, how to check their outputs effectively and efficiently has become a critical problem in their applications.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Jiayu Liu , Wei Dai , Zhenya Huang , Ning Miao , Enhong Chen

Self-consistency (Wang et al., 2023) suggests that the most consistent answer obtained through large language models (LLMs) is more likely to be correct. In this paper, we challenge this argument and propose a nuanced correction. Our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Alex Nguyen , Dheeraj Mekala , Chengyu Dong , Jingbo Shang

Large language models (LLMs) offer substantial promise for text classification in political science, yet their effectiveness often depends on high-quality prompts and exemplars. To address this, we introduce a three-stage framework that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Menglin Liu , Ge Shi

Pre-trained language models for code (PLMCs) have gained attention in recent research. These models are pre-trained on large-scale datasets using multi-modal objectives. However, fine-tuning them requires extensive supervision and is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Hung Quoc To , Nghi D. Q. Bui , Jin Guo , Tien N. Nguyen

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have created new opportunities to enhance performance on complex reasoning tasks by leveraging test-time computation. However, existing scaling methods have key limitations: parallel…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Jiefeng Chen , Jie Ren , Xinyun Chen , Chengrun Yang , Ruoxi Sun , Jinsung Yoon , Sercan Ö Arık

Large Language Models (LLMs) are capable of transforming natural language domain descriptions into plausibly looking PDDL markup. However, ensuring that actions are consistent within domains still remains a challenging task. In this paper…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Pavel Smirnov , Frank Joublin , Antonello Ceravola , Michael Gienger

With the advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), their application in Software Quality Assurance (SQA) has increased. However, the current focus of these applications is predominantly on ChatGPT. There remains a gap in understanding…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Ratnadira Widyasari , David Lo , Lizi Liao

Large Language Models (LLMs) changed the way we design and interact with software systems. Their ability to process and extract information from text has drastically improved productivity in a number of routine tasks. Developers that want…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Federico Errica , Giuseppe Siracusano , Davide Sanvito , Roberto Bifulco

Large Language Models (LLMs) are fast becoming indispensable tools for software developers, assisting or even partnering with them in crafting complex programs. The advantages are evident -- LLMs can significantly reduce development time,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Ayelet Berzack , Guy Katz

Recent years have seen the remarkable capabilities of large language models (LLMs) for code generation. Different from existing work that evaluate the correctness of the code generated by LLMs, we propose to further evaluate its efficiency.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Changan Niu , Ting Zhang , Chuanyi Li , Bin Luo , Vincent Ng