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With the rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), recent studies have drawn attention to their potential for handling not only simple question-answer tasks but also more complex conversational abilities and performing human-like…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Mingyu Jeon , Jaeyoung Suh , Suwan Cho , Dohyeon Kim

It has been established in recent work that Large Language Models (LLMs) can be prompted to "self-play" conversational games that probe certain capabilities (general instruction following, strategic goal orientation, language understanding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Anne Beyer , Kranti Chalamalasetti , Sherzod Hakimov , Brielen Madureira , Philipp Sadler , David Schlangen

Decision-making is a complex process requiring diverse abilities, making it an excellent framework for evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs). Researchers have examined LLMs' decision-making through the lens of Game Theory. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Jen-tse Huang , Eric John Li , Man Ho Lam , Tian Liang , Wenxuan Wang , Youliang Yuan , Wenxiang Jiao , Xing Wang , Zhaopeng Tu , Michael R. Lyu

Large Language Models (LLMs) show significant potential in economic and strategic interactions, where communication via natural language is often prevalent. This raises key questions: Do LLMs behave rationally? How do they perform compared…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Eilam Shapira , Omer Madmon , Itamar Reinman , Samuel Joseph Amouyal , Roi Reichart , Moshe Tennenholtz

As autonomous agents become more prevalent, understanding their collective behaviour in strategic interactions is crucial. This study investigates the emergent cooperative tendencies of systems of Large Language Model (LLM) agents in a…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Richard Willis , Yali Du , Joel Z Leibo , Michael Luck

As foundation models are increasingly deployed as interacting agents in multi-agent systems, their collective behavior raises new challenges for trustworthiness, transparency, and accountability. Traditional coordination mechanisms, such as…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Brendan Gho , Suman Muppavarapu , Afnan Shaik , Tyson Tsay , Atharva Mohan , James Begin , Kevin Zhu , Archana Vaidheeswaran , Vasu Sharma

Large Language Models (LLMs) have increasingly been utilized in social simulations, where they are often guided by carefully crafted instructions to stably exhibit human-like behaviors during simulations. Nevertheless, we doubt the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Zengqing Wu , Run Peng , Shuyuan Zheng , Qianying Liu , Xu Han , Brian Inhyuk Kwon , Makoto Onizuka , Shaojie Tang , Chuan Xiao

This study explores the potential of large language models (LLMs) to conduct market experiments, aiming to understand their capability to comprehend competitive market dynamics. We model the behavior of market agents in a controlled…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Jingru Jia , Zehua Yuan

LLM alignment has progressed in single-agent settings through paradigms such as RL with human feedback (RLHF), while recent work explores scalable alternatives such as RL with AI feedback (RLAIF) and dynamic alignment objectives. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Panatchakorn Anantaprayoon , Nataliia Babina , Nima Asgharbeygi , Jad Tarifi

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely used as agents to complete different tasks, such as personal assistance or event planning. While most of the work has focused on cooperation and collaboration between agents, little work…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Qinlin Zhao , Jindong Wang , Yixuan Zhang , Yiqiao Jin , Kaijie Zhu , Hao Chen , Xing Xie

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable reasoning capabilities in mathematical and scientific tasks. To enhance complex reasoning, multi-agent systems have been proposed to harness the collective intelligence of LLM agents.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Zhenyu Bi , Meng Lu , Yang Li , Swastik Roy , Weijie Guan , Morteza Ziyadi , Xuan Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized Natural Language Processing but exhibit limitations, particularly in autonomously addressing novel challenges such as reasoning and problem-solving. Traditional techniques like…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Sumedh Rasal

Multi-agent systems built from teams of large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed for collaborative scientific reasoning and problem-solving. These systems require agents to coordinate under shared constraints, such as GPUs or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Shivani Kumar , Adarsh Bharathwaj , David Jurgens

In this paper, we present a novel framework for enhancing the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) by leveraging the power of multi-agent systems. Our framework introduces a collaborative environment where multiple intelligent agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Yashar Talebirad , Amirhossein Nadiri

This paper asks whether large language models (LLMs) can be used to study the strategic foundations of conflict and cooperation. I introduce LLMs as experimental subjects in a repeated security dilemma and evaluate whether they reproduce…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Maxim Chupilkin

We study whether multiple large language models (LLMs) can autonomously improve each other in a negotiation game by playing, reflecting, and criticizing. We are interested in this question because if LLMs were able to improve each other, it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Yao Fu , Hao Peng , Tushar Khot , Mirella Lapata

Context. The problem of comparative evaluation of communication protocols for task orchestration by large language model (LLM) agents is considered. The object of study is the process of interaction between LLM agents and external tools, as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Ivan Dobrovolskyi

Language is a ubiquitous tool that is foundational to reasoning and collaboration, ranging from everyday interactions to sophisticated problem-solving tasks. The establishment of a common language can serve as a powerful asset in ensuring…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Dom Huh , Prasant Mohapatra

Large Language Models (LLMs) based agent systems have made great strides in real-world applications beyond traditional NLP tasks. This paper proposes a new LLM-based Multi-Agent System (LLM-MAS) benchmark, Collab-Overcooked, built on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Haochen Sun , Shuwen Zhang , Lujie Niu , Lei Ren , Hao Xu , Hao Fu , Fangkun Zhao , Caixia Yuan , Xiaojie Wang

Significant advancements have occurred in the application of Large Language Models (LLMs) for social simulations. Despite this, their abilities to perform teaming in task-oriented social events are underexplored. Such capabilities are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Yuan Li , Lichao Sun , Yixuan Zhang