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This paper studies a category of visual question answering tasks, in which accessing external knowledge is necessary for answering the questions. This category is called outside-knowledge visual question answering (OK-VQA). A major step in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Alireza Salemi , Mahta Rafiee , Hamed Zamani

Vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved strong performance in visual question answering (VQA), yet they remain constrained by static training data. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates this limitation by enabling access to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 David Anugraha , Patrick Amadeus Irawan , Anshul Singh , En-Shiun Annie Lee , Genta Indra Winata

Recent Audio-Visual Question Answering (AVQA) methods rely on complete visual and audio input to answer questions accurately. However, in real-world scenarios, issues such as device malfunctions and data transmission errors frequently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Kyu Ri Park , Hong Joo Lee , Jung Uk Kim

Brain tumor diagnosis is largely dependent on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) evaluation, which requires radiologists to synthesize thousands of images across multiple 3D sequences and longitudinal studies. This process requires advanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Shiv Ghosh , Junayd Lateef , Chih-Hua Liu , Yannan Yu , Andreas M. Rauschecker , Madhumita Sushil

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performances on a wide range of natural language understanding and generation tasks. We observe that the LLMs provide effective priors in exploiting $\textit{linguistic shortcuts}$ for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Dohwan Ko , Ji Soo Lee , Wooyoung Kang , Byungseok Roh , Hyunwoo J. Kim

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a powerful strategy for improving the factual accuracy of models by retrieving external knowledge relevant to queries and incorporating it into the generation process. However, existing approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Soyeong Jeong , Kangsan Kim , Jinheon Baek , Sung Ju Hwang

Recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have substantially expanded the capabilities of multimodal retrieval, enabling systems to align and retrieve information across visual and textual modalities. Yet, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Xuan Lu , Kangle Li , Haohang Huang , Rui Meng , Wenjun Zeng , Xiaoyu Shen

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged to address the knowledge-intensive visual question answering (VQA) task. Current methods mainly employ separate retrieval and generation modules to acquire external knowledge and generate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Xinwei Long , Zhiyuan Ma , Ermo Hua , Kaiyan Zhang , Biqing Qi , Bowen Zhou

Text-rich VQA, namely Visual Question Answering based on text recognition in the images, is a cross-modal task that requires both image comprehension and text recognition. In this work, we focus on investigating the advantages and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Xuejing Liu , Wei Tang , Xinzhe Ni , Jinghui Lu , Rui Zhao , Zechao Li , Fei Tan

Understanding information from a collection of multiple documents, particularly those with visually rich elements, is important for document-grounded question answering. This paper introduces VisDoMBench, the first comprehensive benchmark…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Manan Suri , Puneet Mathur , Franck Dernoncourt , Kanika Goswami , Ryan A. Rossi , Dinesh Manocha

Vision-language models (VLMs) have made substantial progress across a wide range of visual question answering benchmarks, spanning visual reasoning, document understanding, and multimodal dialogue. These improvements are evident in a wide…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Dhruba Ghosh , Yuhui Zhang , Ludwig Schmidt

Advanced Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) struggle with recent Knowledge-based VQA tasks, such as INFOSEEK and Encyclopedic-VQA, due to their limited and frozen knowledge scope, often leading to ambiguous and inaccurate responses.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Tao Zhang , Ziqi Zhang , Zongyang Ma , Yuxin Chen , Zhongang Qi , Chunfeng Yuan , Bing Li , Junfu Pu , Yuxuan Zhao , Zehua Xie , Jin Ma , Ying Shan , Weiming Hu

Knowledge-intensive visual question answering requires models to effectively use external knowledge to help answer visual questions. A typical pipeline includes a knowledge retriever and an answer generator. However, a retriever that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Haoyang Wen , Honglei Zhuang , Hamed Zamani , Alexander Hauptmann , Michael Bendersky

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances Large Language Models (LLMs) by grounding responses in external knowledge during inference. However, conventiona RAG systems under-perform on structured tabular data, largely due to coarse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Zebin Guo , Weidong Geng , Ruichen Mao

Document Question Answering (QA) presents a challenge in understanding visually-rich documents (VRD), particularly those dominated by lengthy textual content like research journal articles. Existing studies primarily focus on real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Yihao Ding , Kaixuan Ren , Jiabin Huang , Siwen Luo , Soyeon Caren Han

We introduce FLARE, a family of vision language models (VLMs) with a fully vision-language alignment and integration paradigm. Unlike existing approaches that rely on single MLP projectors for modality alignment and defer cross-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Zheng Liu , Mengjie Liu , Jingzhou Chen , Jingwei Xu , Bin Cui , Conghui He , Wentao Zhang

Video Moment Retrieval (VMR) aims to retrieve relevant moments of an untrimmed video corresponding to the query. While cross-modal interaction approaches have shown progress in filtering out query-irrelevant information in videos, they…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Chenghua Gao , Min Li , Jianshuo Liu , Junxing Ren , Lin Chen , Haoyu Liu , Bo Meng , Jitao Fu , Wenwen Su

Knowledge-based visual question answering (KB-VQA) requires a model to understand images and utilize external knowledge to provide accurate answers. Existing approaches often directly augment models with retrieved information from knowledge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Zhiyue Liu , Sihang Liu , Jinyuan Liu , Xinru Zhang

In the rapidly evolving domain of video understanding, Video Question Answering (VideoQA) remains a focal point. However, existing datasets exhibit gaps in temporal and spatial granularity, which consequently limits the capabilities of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Wei Dai , Alan Luo , Zane Durante , Debadutta Dash , Arnold Milstein , Kevin Schulman , Ehsan Adeli , Li Fei-Fei

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has shown impressive capability in providing reliable answer predictions and addressing hallucination problems. A typical RAG implementation uses powerful retrieval models to extract external information…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Ziwei Liu , Liang Zhang , Qian Li , Jianghua Wu , Guangxu Zhu