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Graph classification has practical applications in diverse fields. Recent studies show that graph-based machine learning models are especially vulnerable to adversarial perturbations due to the non i.i.d nature of graph data. By adding or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Zhidong Gao , Rui Hu , Yanmin Gong

Randomized classifiers have been shown to provide a promising approach for achieving certified robustness against adversarial attacks in deep learning. However, most existing methods only leverage Gaussian smoothing noise and only work for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Dinghuai Zhang , Mao Ye , Chengyue Gong , Zhanxing Zhu , Qiang Liu

Deep neural networks for natural language processing are fragile in the face of adversarial examples -- small input perturbations, like synonym substitution or word duplication, which cause a neural network to change its prediction. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Yuhao Zhang , Aws Albarghouthi , Loris D'Antoni

Certifiable robustness gives the guarantee that small perturbations around an input to a classifier will not change the prediction. There are two approaches to provide certifiable robustness to adversarial examples: a) explicitly training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Meiyu Zhong , Ravi Tandon

The language models, especially the basic text classification models, have been shown to be susceptible to textual adversarial attacks such as synonym substitution and word insertion attacks. To defend against such attacks, a growing body…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Xinyu Zhang , Hanbin Hong , Yuan Hong , Peng Huang , Binghui Wang , Zhongjie Ba , Kui Ren

Safety-critical applications are required to perform as expected in normal operations. Image processing functions are often required to be insensitive to small geometric perturbations such as rotation, scaling, shearing or translation. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Noémie Cohen , Mélanie Ducoffe , Christophe Gabreau , Claire Pagetti , Xavier Pucel

Randomized smoothing provides strong, model-agnostic robustness certificates, but existing guarantees are limited to single modalities, treating continuous and discrete inputs in isolation. This limitation becomes critical in multimodal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Blaise Delattre , Hengyu Wu , Paul Caillon , Wei Yang Bryan Lim , Yang Cao

Randomized smoothing has achieved great success for certified robustness against adversarial perturbations. Given any arbitrary classifier, randomized smoothing can guarantee the classifier's prediction over the perturbed input with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-22 Hanbin Hong , Yuan Hong

Designing neural networks with bounded Lipschitz constant is a promising way to obtain certifiably robust classifiers against adversarial examples. However, the relevant progress for the important $\ell_\infty$ perturbation setting is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Bohang Zhang , Du Jiang , Di He , Liwei Wang

Randomized Smoothing (RS), being one of few provable defenses, has been showing great effectiveness and scalability in terms of defending against $\ell_2$-norm adversarial perturbations. However, the cost of MC sampling needed in RS for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Huimin Zeng , Jiahao Su , Furong Huang

Machine learning models have demonstrated remarkable success across diverse domains but remain vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Empirical defense mechanisms often fail, as new attacks constantly emerge, rendering existing defenses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Anupriya Kumari , Devansh Bhardwaj , Sukrit Jindal

Randomized smoothing (RS) has been shown to be a fast, scalable technique for certifying the robustness of deep neural network classifiers. However, methods based on RS require augmenting data with large amounts of noise, which leads to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Ameya Joshi , Minh Pham , Minsu Cho , Leonid Boytsov , Filipe Condessa , J. Zico Kolter , Chinmay Hegde

In this work we study input gradient regularization of deep neural networks, and demonstrate that such regularization leads to generalization proofs and improved adversarial robustness. The proof of generalization does not overcome the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Chris Finlay , Jeff Calder , Bilal Abbasi , Adam Oberman

As ML models are increasingly deployed in critical applications, robustness against adversarial perturbations is crucial. While numerous defenses have been proposed to counter such attacks, they typically assume that all adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Yuan Xin , Dingfan Chen , Michael Backes , Xiao Zhang

Verifying robustness of neural networks given a specified threat model is a fundamental yet challenging task. While current verification methods mainly focus on the $\ell_p$-norm threat model of the input instances, robustness verification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Jeet Mohapatra , Tsui-Wei , Weng , Pin-Yu Chen , Sijia Liu , Luca Daniel

Randomized smoothing (RS) is one of the prominent techniques to ensure the correctness of machine learning models, where point-wise robustness certificates can be derived analytically. While RS is well understood for classification, its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Emmanouil Seferis , Changshun Wu , Stefanos Kollias , Saddek Bensalem , Chih-Hong Cheng

Lipschitz constant is a fundamental property in certified robustness, as smaller values imply robustness to adversarial examples when a model is confident in its prediction. However, identifying the worst-case adversarial examples is known…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yongjin Han , Suhyun Kim

Federated learning is an emerging data-private distributed learning framework, which, however, is vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Although several heuristic defenses are proposed to enhance the robustness of federated learning, they do…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Cheng Chen , Bhavya Kailkhura , Ryan Goldhahn , Yi Zhou

Deep learning has achieved remarkable success across a wide range of tasks, but its models often suffer from instability and vulnerability: small changes to the input may drastically affect predictions, while optimization can be hindered by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Blaise Delattre

Randomized smoothing has established state-of-the-art provable robustness against $\ell_2$ norm adversarial attacks with high probability. However, the introduced Gaussian data augmentation causes a severe decrease in natural accuracy. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Ching-Chia Kao , Jhe-Bang Ko , Chun-Shien Lu