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A minimum path cover (MPC) of a directed acyclic graph (DAG) $G = (V,E)$ is a minimum-size set of paths that together cover all the vertices of the DAG. Computing an MPC is a basic polynomial problem, dating back to Dilworth's and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Manuel Cáceres , Massimo Cairo , Brendan Mumey , Romeo Rizzi , Alexandru I. Tomescu

We present the first deterministic data structures for maintaining approximate minimum vertex cover and maximum matching in a fully dynamic graph $G = (V,E)$, with $|V| = n$ and $|E| =m$, in $o(\sqrt{m}\,)$ time per update. In particular,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-12-04 Sayan Bhattacharya , Monika Henzinger , Giuseppe F. Italiano

Single Source Shortest Paths ($\textrm{SSSP}$) is among the most well-studied problems in computer science. In the incremental (resp. decremental) setting, the goal is to maintain distances from a fixed source in a graph undergoing edge…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Barna Saha , Virginia Vassilevska Williams , Yinzhan Xu , Christopher Ye

Graph coloring is a fundamental problem in computer science. In the semi-streaming model, an input graph $G$ on $n$ vertices and maximum degree $\Delta$ is presented as a stream of edges, and the goal is to compute a vertex coloring using a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Shiri Chechik , Hongyi Chen , Tianyi Zhang

We introduce a notion for hierarchical graph clustering which we call the expander hierarchy and show a fully dynamic algorithm for maintaining such a hierarchy on a graph with $n$ vertices undergoing edge insertions and deletions using…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-22 Gramoz Goranci , Harald Räcke , Thatchaphol Saranurak , Zihan Tan

We present the first polynomial-time algorithm for computing a near-optimal \emph{flow}-expander decomposition. Given a graph $G$ and a parameter $\phi$, our algorithm removes at most a $\phi\log^{1+o(1)}n$ fraction of edges so that every…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Nikhil Bansal , Arun Jambulapati , Thatchaphol Saranurak

We design fast dynamic algorithms for proper vertex and edge colorings in a graph undergoing edge insertions and deletions. In the static setting, there are simple linear time algorithms for $(\Delta+1)$- vertex coloring and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Sayan Bhattacharya , Deeparnab Chakrabarty , Monika Henzinger , Danupon Nanongkai

Maintaining and updating shortest paths information in a graph is a fundamental problem with many applications. As computations on dense graphs can be prohibitively expensive, and it is preferable to perform the computations on a sparse…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Thiago Bergamaschi , Monika Henzinger , Maximilian Probst Gutenberg , Virginia Vassilevska Williams , Nicole Wein

This paper studies the online scheduling problem of minimizing total flow time for $n$ jobs on $m$ identical machines. A classical $\Omega(n)$ lower bound shows that no deterministic single-machine algorithm can beat the trivial greedy,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Yutong Geng , Enze Sun , Zonghan Yang , Yuhao Zhang

We consider the problem of designing deterministic graph algorithms for the model of Massively Parallel Computation (MPC) that improve with the sparsity of the input graph, as measured by the notion of arboricity. For the problems of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Manuela Fischer , Jeff Giliberti , Christoph Grunau

This paper considers the problem of distributed optimization over time-varying graphs. For the case of undirected graphs, we introduce a distributed algorithm, referred to as DIGing, based on a combination of a distributed inexact gradient…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-03-21 Angelia Nedich , Alex Olshevsky , Wei Shi

In this paper, we present a new push-relabel algorithm for the maximum flow problem on flow networks with $n$ vertices and $m$ arcs. Our algorithm computes a maximum flow in $O(mn)$ time on sparse networks where $m = O(n)$. To our…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-06-12 Rahul Mehta

We consider the problem of finding the value of a maximum flow over time in a network with uniform edge lengths where the edge capacities change at specific time instants. To solve this problem, we show how to construct a condensed version…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Shuchi Chawla , Kristin Sheridan

In the fully dynamic maximal matching problem, the goal is to maintain a maximal matching in a graph undergoing an online sequence of edge insertions and deletions. The problem has been studied extensively in the oblivious-adversary…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Julia Chuzhoy , Sanjeev Khanna , Junkai Song

Given a directed, weighted graph $G=(V,E)$ undergoing edge insertions, the incremental single-source shortest paths (SSSP) problem asks for the maintenance of approximate distances from a dedicated source $s$ while optimizing the total time…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-10-25 Rasmus Kyng , Simon Meierhans , Maximilian Probst Gutenberg

We study dynamic graph algorithms in the Massively Parallel Computation model, which was inspired by practical data processing systems. Our goal is to provide algorithms that can efficiently handle large batches of edge insertions and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Krzysztof Nowicki , Krzysztof Onak

In the decremental single-source shortest paths (SSSP) problem we want to maintain the distances between a given source node $s$ and every other node in an $n$-node $m$-edge graph $G$ undergoing edge deletions. While its static counterpart…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-08-20 Monika Henzinger , Sebastian Krinninger , Danupon Nanongkai

In the restricted shortest paths problem, we are given a graph $G$ whose edges are assigned two non-negative weights: lengths and delays, a source $s$, and a delay threshold $D$. The goal is to find, for each target $t$, the length of the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Vikrant Ashvinkumar , Aaron Bernstein , Adam Karczmarz

Node counting on a graph is subject to some fundamental theoretical limitations, yet a solution to such problems is necessary in many applications of graph theory to real-world systems, such as collective robotics and distributed sensor…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-05-29 Arindam Saha , James A. R. Marshall , Andreagiovanni Reina

A long line of research about connectivity in the Massively Parallel Computation model has culminated in the seminal works of Andoni et al. [FOCS'18] and Behnezhad et al. [FOCS'19]. They provide a randomized algorithm for low-space MPC with…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-08-17 Manuela Fischer , Jeff Giliberti , Christoph Grunau