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This paper presents a practical global optimization algorithm for the K-center clustering problem, which aims to select K samples as the cluster centers to minimize the maximum within-cluster distance. This algorithm is based on a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-04 Jiayang Ren , Ningning You , Kaixun Hua , Chaojie Ji , Yankai Cao

Clustering is a popular form of unsupervised learning for geometric data. Unfortunately, many clustering algorithms lead to cluster assignments that are hard to explain, partially because they depend on all the features of the data in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Sanjoy Dasgupta , Nave Frost , Michal Moshkovitz , Cyrus Rashtchian

This paper gives a k-means approximation algorithm that is efficient in the relational algorithms model. This is an algorithm that operates directly on a relational database without performing a join to convert it to a matrix whose rows…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Benjamin Moseley , Kirk Pruhs , Alireza Samadian , Yuyan Wang

Modern Gradient Boosted Decision Trees (GBDTs) accelerate split finding with histogram-based binning, which reduces complexity from $O(N\log N)$ to $O(N)$ by aggregating gradients into fixed-size bins. However, the predominant quantile…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Asher Labovich

Clustering is an effective technique in data mining to generate groups that are the matter of interest. Among various clustering approaches, the family of k-means algorithms and min-cut algorithms gain most popularity due to their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-11-25 Xiaojun Chang , Feiping Nie , Zhigang Ma , Yi Yang

The $k$-means method is an iterative clustering algorithm which associates each observation with one of $k$ clusters. It traditionally employs cluster centers in the same space as the observed data. By relaxing this requirement, it is…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-04-06 Matthew Thorpe , Florian Theil , Adam M. Johansen , Neil Cade

Finding the optimal $k$-means clustering is NP-hard in general and many heuristics have been designed for minimizing monotonically the $k$-means objective. We first show how to extend Lloyd's batched relocation heuristic and Hartigan's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-06-25 Frank Nielsen , Richard Nock

Kernel-based clustering algorithms have the ability to capture the non-linear structure in real world data. Among various kernel-based clustering algorithms, kernel k-means has gained popularity due to its simple iterative nature and ease…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-02-18 Radha Chitta , Rong Jin , Timothy C. Havens , Anil K. Jain

We show how to approximate a data matrix $\mathbf{A}$ with a much smaller sketch $\mathbf{\tilde A}$ that can be used to solve a general class of constrained k-rank approximation problems to within $(1+\epsilon)$ error. Importantly, this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-04-06 Michael B. Cohen , Sam Elder , Cameron Musco , Christopher Musco , Madalina Persu

Recent advances in center-based clustering continue to improve upon the drawbacks of Lloyd's celebrated $k$-means algorithm over $60$ years after its introduction. Various methods seek to address poor local minima, sensitivity to outliers,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-28 Debolina Paul , Saptarshi Chakraborty , Swagatam Das , Jason Xu

We study data clustering problems with $\ell_p$-norm objectives (e.g. $k$-Median and $k$-Means) in the context of individual fairness. The dataset consists of $n$ points, and we want to find $k$ centers such that (a) the objective is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Deeparnab Chakrabarty , Maryam Negahbani

This paper investigates the following natural greedy procedure for clustering in the bi-criterion setting: iteratively grow a set of centers, in each round adding the center from a candidate set that maximally decreases clustering cost. In…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-07-22 Daniel Hsu , Matus Telgarsky

In the Euclidean $k$-center problem in sliding window model, input points are given in a data stream and the goal is to find the $k$ smallest congruent balls whose union covers the $N$ most recent points of the stream. In this model, input…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2020-01-07 Sang-Sub Kim

In this paper, we present an efficient massively parallel approximation algorithm for the $k$-means problem. Specifically, we provide an MPC algorithm that computes a constant-factor approximation to an arbitrary $k$-means instance in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Vincent Cohen-Addad , Fabian Kuhn , Zahra Parsaeian

In this work, we study the socially fair $k$-median/$k$-means problem. We are given a set of points $P$ in a metric space $\mathcal{X}$ with a distance function $d(.,.)$. There are $\ell$ groups: $P_1,\dotsc,P_{\ell} \subseteq P$. We are…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Dishant Goyal , Ragesh Jaiswal

We investigate the fine-grained complexity of approximating the classical $k$-median / $k$-means clustering problems in general metric spaces. We show how to improve the approximation factors to $(1+2/e+\varepsilon)$ and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Vincent Cohen-Addad , Anupam Gupta , Amit Kumar , Euiwoong Lee , Jason Li

We introduce an evolutionary algorithm called recombinator-$k$-means for optimizing the highly non-convex kmeans problem. Its defining feature is that its crossover step involves all the members of the current generation, stochastically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-10 Carlo Baldassi

$K$-means clustering is one of the most widely-used partitioning algorithm in cluster analysis due to its simplicity and computational efficiency. However, $K$-means does not provide an appropriate clustering result when applying to data…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-18 Bingling Wang , Yinxing Li , Wolfgang Karl Härdle

Clustering is a widely used and powerful machine learning technique, but its effectiveness is often limited by the need to specify the number of clusters, k, or by relying on thresholds that implicitly determine k. We introduce k*-means, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Louis Mahon , Mirella Lapata

We study the problem of explainable clustering in the setting first formalized by Dasgupta, Frost, Moshkovitz, and Rashtchian (ICML 2020). A $k$-clustering is said to be explainable if it is given by a decision tree where each internal node…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Buddhima Gamlath , Xinrui Jia , Adam Polak , Ola Svensson