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Audio classification has seen great progress with the increasing availability of large-scale datasets. These large datasets, however, are often only partially labeled as collecting full annotations is a tedious and expensive process. This…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Siddharth Gururani , Alexander Lerch

Labeling pixel-level masks for fine-grained semantic segmentation tasks, e.g. human parsing, remains a challenging task. The ambiguous boundary between different semantic parts and those categories with similar appearance usually are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Peike Li , Yunqiu Xu , Yunchao Wei , Yi Yang

In the realm of music information retrieval, similarity-based retrieval and auto-tagging serve as essential components. Given the limitations and non-scalability of human supervision signals, it becomes crucial for models to learn from…

Label noise is emerging as a pressing issue in sound event classification. This arises as we move towards larger datasets that are difficult to annotate manually, but it is even more severe if datasets are collected automatically from…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Eduardo Fonseca , Frederic Font , Xavier Serra

Although text-to-audio generation has made remarkable progress in realism and diversity, the development of evaluation metrics has not kept pace. Widely-adopted approaches, typically based on embedding similarity like CLAPScore, effectively…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-22 Chun-Yi Kuan , Kai-Wei Chang , Hung-yi Lee

Tags assigned by users to shared content can be ambiguous. As a possible solution, we propose semantic tagging as a collaborative process in which a user selects and associates Web resources drawn from a knowledge context. We applied this…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2013-04-08 Bernhard Haslhofer , Werner Robitza , Carl Lagoze , Francois Guimbretiere

Accurate labels are critical for deriving robust machine learning models. Labels are used to train supervised learning models and to evaluate most machine learning paradigms. In this paper, we model the accuracy and cost of a common weak…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 John Martinsson , Tuomas Virtanen , Maria Sandsten , Olof Mogren

This paper investigates how end-to-end driving models can be improved to drive more accurately and human-like. To tackle the first issue we exploit semantic and visual maps from HERE Technologies and augment the existing Drive360 dataset…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Simon Hecker , Dengxin Dai , Alexander Liniger , Luc Van Gool

Reliable evaluation is essential for understanding large language model (LLM) performance, yet today's go-to metrics, namely token-overlap scores (e.g., ROUGE) and embedding-based measures (e.g., BERTScore), often misjudge semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Siran Li , Ece Sena Etoglu , Carsten Eickhoff , Seyed Ali Bahrainian

Topic segmentation and labeling is often considered a prerequisite for higher-level conversation analysis and has been shown to be useful in many Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications. We present two new corpora of email and blog…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-02-05 Shafiq Rayhan Joty , Giuseppe Carenini , Raymond T Ng

Recent works of music representation learning mainly focus on learning acoustic music representations with unlabeled audios or further attempt to acquire multi-modal music representations with scarce annotated audio-text pairs. They either…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Xiaofeng Pan , Jing Chen , Haitong Zhang , Menglin Xing , Jiayi Wei , Xuefeng Mu , Zhongqian Xie

A recent line of research on automated speaking assessment (ASA) has benefited from self-supervised learning (SSL) representations, which capture rich acoustic and linguistic patterns in non-native speech without underlying assumptions of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-23 Tien-Hong Lo , Szu-Yu Chen , Yao-Ting Sung , Berlin Chen

Contrastive Language-Audio Pretraining (CLAP) is pre-trained to associate audio features with human language, making it a natural zero-shot classifier to recognize unseen sound categories. To adapt CLAP to downstream tasks, prior works…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-18 Yiming Li , Xiangdong Wang , Hong Liu

Speaker identification in the household scenario (e.g., for smart speakers) is typically based on only a few enrollment utterances but a much larger set of unlabeled data, suggesting semisupervised learning to improve speaker profiles. We…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Long Chen , Venkatesh Ravichandran , Andreas Stolcke

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences becomes a key component to obtaining state-of-the-art performance, but it yields a huge cost to construct a large human-annotated preference dataset. To tackle this problem, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Dongyoung Kim , Kimin Lee , Jinwoo Shin , Jaehyung Kim

Automatic Speech Scoring (ASS) is the computer-assisted evaluation of a candidate's speaking proficiency in a language. ASS systems face many challenges like open grammar, variable pronunciations, and unstructured or semi-structured…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-07 Yaman Kumar Singla , Avykat Gupta , Shaurya Bagga , Changyou Chen , Balaji Krishnamurthy , Rajiv Ratn Shah

We propose Fast Language-Audio Pre-training (FLAP), a self-supervised approach that efficiently and effectively learns aligned audio and language representations through masking, contrastive learning and reconstruction. For efficiency, FLAP…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Ching-Feng Yeh , Po-Yao Huang , Vasu Sharma , Shang-Wen Li , Gargi Gosh

We study the merit of transfer learning for two sound recognition problems, i.e., audio tagging and sound event detection. Employing feature fusion, we adapt a baseline system utilizing only spectral acoustic inputs to also make use of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-27 Wim Boes , Hugo Van hamme

In this paper, we focus on Whisper, a recent automatic speech recognition model trained with a massive 680k hour labeled speech corpus recorded in diverse conditions. We first show an interesting finding that while Whisper is very robust…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yuan Gong , Sameer Khurana , Leonid Karlinsky , James Glass

Automatic detection of speaker confidence is critical for adaptive computing but remains constrained by limited labelled data and the subjectivity of paralinguistic annotations. This paper proposes a semi-supervised hybrid framework that…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Adam Wynn , Jingyun Wang