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Audio-Language Models (ALMs), trained on paired audio-text data, are designed to process, understand, and reason about audio-centric multimodal content. Unlike traditional supervised approaches that use predefined labels, ALMs leverage…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Yi Su , Jisheng Bai , Qisheng Xu , Kele Xu , Yong Dou

Recently, there has been an increasing focus on audio-text cross-modal learning. However, most of the existing audio-text datasets contain only simple descriptions of sound events. Compared with classification labels, the advantages of such…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Xuenan Xu , Xiaohang Xu , Zeyu Xie , Pingyue Zhang , Mengyue Wu , Kai Yu

Object Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) systems struggle to correctly associate semantically similar objects in close proximity, especially in cluttered indoor environments and when scenes change. We present Semantic Enhancement…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Jungseok Hong , Ran Choi , John J. Leonard

Event-based semantic segmentation has gained popularity due to its capability to deal with scenarios under high-speed motion and extreme lighting conditions, which cannot be addressed by conventional RGB cameras. Since it is hard to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Linglin Jing , Yiming Ding , Yunpeng Gao , Zhigang Wang , Xu Yan , Dong Wang , Gerald Schaefer , Hui Fang , Bin Zhao , Xuelong Li

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has significantly advanced acoustic representation learning. However, most existing models are optimised for either speech or audio event understanding, resulting in a persistent gap between these two domains.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-05 Xiaoyu Yang , Yifan Yang , Zengrui Jin , Ziyun Cui , Wen Wu , Baoxiang Li , Chao Zhang , Phil Woodland

Sound events in daily life carry rich information about the objective world. The composition of these sounds affects the mood of people in a soundscape. Most previous approaches only focus on classifying and detecting audio events and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-24 Yuanbo Hou , Siyang Song , Cheng Luo , Andrew Mitchell , Qiaoqiao Ren , Weicheng Xie , Jian Kang , Wenwu Wang , Dick Botteldooren

Zero-shot text classifiers based on label descriptions embed an input text and a set of labels into the same space: measures such as cosine similarity can then be used to select the most similar label description to the input text as the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Angelo Basile , Marc Franco-Salvador , Paolo Rosso

An important problem in machine auditory perception is to recognize and detect sound events. In this paper, we propose a sequential self-teaching approach to learning sounds. Our main proposition is that it is harder to learn sounds in…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Anurag Kumar , Vamsi Krishna Ithapu

Selecting an automatic metric that best emulates human annotators is often non-trivial, because there is no clear definition of "best emulates." A meta-metric is required to compare the human judgments to the automatic metric scores, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Brian Thompson , Nitika Mathur , Daniel Deutsch , Huda Khayrallah

In semantic segmentation, training data down-sampling is commonly performed due to limited resources, the need to adapt image size to the model input, or improve data augmentation. This down-sampling typically employs different strategies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Roberto Alcover-Couso , Marcos Escudero-Vinolo , Juan C. SanMiguel , Jose M. Martinez

Due to the high costs associated with finetuning large language models, various recent works propose to adapt them to specific tasks without any parameter updates through in-context learning. Unfortunately, for in-context learning there is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Yanchen Liu , Timo Schick , Hinrich Schütze

The goal of Open-Vocabulary Compositional Zero-Shot Learning (OV-CZSL) is to recognize attribute-object compositions in the open-vocabulary setting, where compositions of both seen and unseen attributes and objects are evaluated. Recently,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Yihang Duan , Jiong Wang , Pengpeng Zeng , Ji Zhang , Lei Zhao , Chong Wang , Jingkuan Song , Lianli Gao

Considering that acoustic scenes and sound events are closely related to each other, in some previous papers, a joint analysis of acoustic scenes and sound events utilizing multitask learning (MTL)-based neural networks was proposed. In…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Shunsuke Tsubaki , Keisuke Imoto , Nobutaka Ono

Spatial audio reasoning enables machines to interpret auditory scenes by understanding events and their spatial attributes. In this work, we focus on spatial audio understanding with an emphasis on reasoning about moving sources. First, we…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Arvind Krishna Sridhar , Yinyi Guo , Erik Visser

Humans can picture a sound scene given an imprecise natural language description. For example, it is easy to imagine an acoustic environment given a phrase like "the lion roar came from right behind me!". For a machine to have the same…

Music structure analysis (MSA) methods traditionally search for musically meaningful patterns in audio: homogeneity, repetition, novelty, and segment-length regularity. Hand-crafted audio features such as MFCCs or chromagrams are often used…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-03 Ju-Chiang Wang , Jordan B. L. Smith , Wei-Tsung Lu , Xuchen Song

Audio-based music classification and tagging is typically based on categorical supervised learning with a fixed set of labels. This intrinsically cannot handle unseen labels such as newly added music genres or semantic words that users…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-20 Jeong Choi , Jongpil Lee , Jiyoung Park , Juhan Nam

Audio-to-score alignment is a long-standing challenge in music information retrieval and arguably the most widely applicable alignment task for music research. Alignment algorithms match two versions of a piece of music, and for this to…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Silvan Peter , Patricia Hu , Gerhard Widmer

Automatic pronunciation assessment (APA) analyzes second-language (L2) learners' speech by providing fine-grained pronunciation feedback at various linguistic levels. Most existing efforts on APA typically adopt segmental-level features as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Jiun-Ting Li , Bi-Cheng Yan , Yi-Cheng Wang , Berlin Chen

Despite significant advancements in Text-to-Audio (TTA) generation models achieving high-fidelity audio with fine-grained context understanding, they struggle to model the relations between audio events described in the input text. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Yuhang He , Yash Jain , Xubo Liu , Andrew Markham , Vibhav Vineet
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