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In this work we propose a formal system for fuzzy algebraic reasoning. The sequent calculus we define is based on two kinds of propositions, capturing equality and existence of terms as members of a fuzzy set. We provide a sound semantics…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Davide Castelnovo , Marino Miculan

Within the possibilistic approach to uncertainty modeling, the paper presents a modal logical system to reason about qualitative (comparative) statements of the possibility (and necessity) of fuzzy propositions. We relate this qualitative…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-02-28 Petr Hajek , Dagmar Harmancová , Francesc Esteva , Pere Garcia , Lluis Godo

It is argued that 4-valued paraconsistent truth values (called here "p-bits") can serve as a conceptual, mathematical and practical foundation for highly AI-relevant forms of probabilistic logic and probabilistic programming and concept…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-15 Ben Goertzel

Modal logics allow reasoning about various modes of truth: for example, what it means for something to be possibly true, or to know that something is true as opposed to merely believing it. This report describes embeddings of propositional…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-05-16 John Rushby

The combination of higher-order theories and fuzzy logic can be useful in decision-making tasks that involve reasoning across abstract functions and predicates, where exact matches are often rare or unnecessary. Developing efficient…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Besik Dundua , Temur Kutsia

We introduce a variant of free logic (i.e., a logic admitting terms with nonexistent referents) that accommodates truth-value gluts as well as gaps. Employing a suitable expansion of the Belnap-Dunn four-valued logic, we specify a…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-08-29 Libor Behounek , Martina Dankova , Antonin Dvorak

We prove that, similarly to known PSpace-completeness of recognising FO(<)-definability of the language L(A) of a DFA A, deciding both FO(<,C)- and FO(<,MOD)-definability are PSpace-complete. (Here, FO(<,C) extends the first-order logic…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Agi Kurucz , Vladislav Ryzhikov , Yury Savateev , Michael Zakharyaschev

We propose a new definition of the representation theorem for many-valued logics, with modal operators as well, and define the stronger relationship between algebraic models of a given logic and relational structures used to define the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-03-02 Zoran Majkic

In this paper we present a propositional logic programming language for reasoning under possibilistic uncertainty and representing vague knowledge. Formulas are represented by pairs (A, c), where A is a many-valued proposition and c is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-18 Teresa Alsinet , Lluis Godo

Polyhedral semantics is a recently introduced branch of spatial modal logic, in which modal formulas are interpreted as piecewise linear subsets of an Euclidean space. Polyhedral semantics for the basic modal language has already been well…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Nick Bezhanishvili , Laura Bussi , Vincenzo Ciancia , David Fernández-Duque , David Gabelaia

We formulate and prove logical characterizations of crisp simulations and crisp directed simulations between fuzzy labeled transition systems with respect to fuzzy modal logics that use a general t-norm-based semantics. The considered…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Linh Anh Nguyen , Ngoc-Thanh Nguyen

In this paper we deal with a new approach to probabilistic reasoning in a logical framework. Nearly almost all logics of probability that have been proposed in the literature are based on classical two-valued logic. After making clear the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-21 Petr Hajek , Lluis Godo , Francesc Esteva

We propose a matrix model for two- and many-valued logic using families of observables in Hilbert space, the eigenvalues give the truth values of logical propositions where the atomic input proposition cases are represented by the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-14 Francois Dubois , Zeno Toffano

We introduce the completeness problem for Modal Logic and examine its complexity. For a definition of completeness for formulas, given a formula of a modal logic, the completeness problem asks whether the formula is complete for that logic.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-09-20 Antonis Achilleos

We consider a modal logic that can formalise statements about uncertainty and beliefs such as `I think that my wallet is in the drawer rather than elsewhere' or `I am confused whether my appointment is on Monday or Tuesday'. To do that, we…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-12-01 Marta Bílková , Thomas M. Ferguson , Daniil Kozhemiachenko

This work presents a formalized proof of modal completeness for G\"odel-L\"ob provability logic (GL) in the HOL Light theorem prover. We describe the code we developed, and discuss some details of our implementation, focusing on our choices…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Marco Maggesi , Cosimo Perini Brogi

Fuzzy Epistemic Logic is an important formalism for approximate reasoning. It extends the well known basic propositional logic BL, introduced by H\'ajek, by offering the ability to reason about possibility and necessity of fuzzy…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-05-01 Manuela Busaniche , Penélope Cordero , Ricardo O. Rodríguez

We combine the concepts of modal logics and many-valued logics in a general and comprehensive way. Namely, given any finite linearly ordered set of truth values and any set of propositional connectives defined by truth tables, we define the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Amir Karniel , Michael Kaminski

In this paper we study intermediate logics between the degree preserving companion of Godel fuzzy logic with an involution and classical propositional logic CPL, as well as the intermediate logics of their finite-valued counterparts.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-01-14 M. E. Coniglio , F. Esteva , J. Gispert , L. Godo

The semantics of trivalent truth tables for the paraconsistent logic system P1, is characterized by a visual inference tool called trivalent semantic forcing trees. Given a formula, with this tool the nodes of the corresponding tree are…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-10-13 Manuel Sierra Aristizabal