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Rydberg atomic sensors offer transformative potential for high-speed, high-sensitivity terahertz (THz) imaging. However, previous systems are hindered by restricted imaging areas, largely due to the compact dimension of atomic vapor cells…

Sensing electric fields with high sensitivity, high spatial resolution and at radio frequencies can be challenging to realize. Recently, point defects in silicon carbide have shown their ability to measure local electric fields by optical…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-09-04 Gary Wolfowicz , Christopher P. Anderson , Samuel J. Whiteley , David D. Awschalom

We demonstrate resonant detection of rf electric fields from 240 MHz to 900 MHz (very-high-frequency (VHF) to ultra-high-frequency (UHF)) using electromagnetically induced transparency to measure orbital angular momentum $L=3\rightarrow…

In this work, we demonstrate the use of a Rydberg atom-based sensor for determining the angle-of-arrival of an incident radio-frequency (RF) wave or signal. The technique uses electromagnetically induced transparency in Rydberg atomic vapor…

Sensitive detection of magnetic field is one of the open problem in metrology. Here, we propose an Mach-Zehnder atomic interferometry to sensitively detect the very weak local magnetic field, which is expelled by the superconductor (as the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-17 Y. Q. Chai , M. Zhang , L. F. Wei

We investigate the use of a split-ring resonator (SRR) incorporated with an atomic-vapor cell to improve the sensitivity and the minimal detectable electric (E) field of Rydberg atom-based sensors. In this approach, a sub-wavelength SRR is…

We innovatively propose a method to improve the performance of Rydberg atom sensors based on the repetition frequency of pulsed lasers, which is verified in experiments. Rydberg atoms excited by pulsed lasers are influenced significantly by…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-08-27 Ke Di , Chenglin Ye , Yijie Du , Meihui Liu , Pengfei Shi , Yu Liu , Jiajia Du , Jun He

We present a technique for detecting ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio fields using a three-photon Rydberg excitation scheme in a continuously laser cooled sample of Rb-87 atoms. By measuring Autler-Townes splitting, we demonstrate resonant…

Mode competition in nonequilibrium Rydberg gases enables the exploration of emergent many-body phases. This work leverages this emergent phase for electric field detection at room temperature. Sensitive frequency-resolved electric field…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-03-10 Darmindra Arumugam

We demonstrate the use of multiple atomic-level Rydberg-atom schemes for continuous frequency detection of radio frequency (RF) fields. Resonant detection of RF fields by electromagnetically-induced transparency and Autler-Townes (AT) in…

We demonstrate a slow-light augmented unbalanced Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) which can be used to enhance very significantly the sensitivity of measuring the frequency shift in a laser. The degree of enhancement depends on the group…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-12 Ruoxi Zhu , Zifan Zhou , Jinyang Li , Jason Bonacum , David D. Smith , Selim M. Shahriar

A nonlinear phase shift is introduced to a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI), and we present a scheme for enhancing the phase sensitivity. In our scheme, one input port of a standard MZI is injected with a coherent state and the other input…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-29 Gao-Feng Jiao , Keye Zhang , L. Q. Chen , Weiping Zhang , Chun-Hua Yuan

Atomic receivers based on Rydberg vapor cells as sensors of electromagnetic fields offer a promising alternative to conventional radio frequency front-ends. In multi-antenna configurations, the magnitude-only, phase-insensitive measurements…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-08 Zihang Song , Qihao Peng , Pei Xiao , Bipin Rajendran , Osvaldo Simeone

We present an innovative frequency comb methodology utilizing pulsed lasers for Rydberg atoms and implement it for electric field measurement. It achieves the Rydberg state population of multi-velocity group atoms through the two-photon…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-07-14 Ke Di , Chenglin Ye , Yijie Du , Yu Liu , Feng Gao , Jiajia Du , Jun He

The exploitation of sub-MHz (\textless 1 MHz) can be beneficial for a plethora of applications like underwater vehicular communication, subsurface exploration, low-frequency navigation etc. The traditional electrical receivers in this band…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-10-24 Minze Chen , Tianqi Mao , Wei Xiao , Zhonghuai Wu , Dapeng Li , Mingyao Cui , Qunsong Zeng , Dezhi Zheng , Kaibin Huang , Zhaocheng Wang

In this paper, we present a comprehensive investigation into the sensitivity of a Rydberg atom electric field sensor, with a specific focus on the minimum detectable field (MDF) as a key metric. The study utilizes one-mode Floquet theory to…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2023-09-26 Tianhao Wu

We present here an analysis of the sensitivity of a time-domain atomic interferometer to the phase noise of the lasers used to manipulate the atomic wave-packets. The sensitivity function is calculated in the case of a three pulse…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Cheinet , B. Canuel , F. Pereira Dos Santos , A. Gauguet , F. Leduc , A. Landragin

We study the properties of transmissivity of a beam of atoms traversing an optical lattices loaded with ultracold atoms. The transmission properties as function of the energy of the incident particles are strongly dependent on the quantum…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2018-04-18 Salvatore Marco Giampaolo , Andrea Trombettoni , Peter Krüger , Tommaso Macrì

Rydberg atoms have attracted significant interest recently as electric field sensors. In order to assess potential applications, detailed understanding of relevant figures of merit is necessary, particularly in relation to other, more…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2020-01-13 David H. Meyer , Zachary A. Castillo , Kevin C. Cox , Paul D. Kunz

We present proof-of-operation for a new method of electron thermometry using microwave impedance of a hafnium micro-absorber. The new method leads to an ultimate THz-range detector suitable for microwave readout and frequency division…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-11-27 A. V. Merenkov , V. I. Chichkov , A. B. Ermakov , A. V. Ustinov , S. V. Shitov