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This paper presents an innovative framework that integrates Large Language Models (LLMs) with an external Thinker module to enhance the reasoning capabilities of LLM-based agents. Unlike augmenting LLMs with prompt engineering, Thinker…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Shuang Wu , Liwen Zhu , Tao Yang , Shiwei Xu , Qiang Fu , Yang Wei , Haobo Fu

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable problem-solving capabilities by autonomously integrating with external tools for collaborative reasoning. However, due to the inherently complex and diverse nature of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Mengjie Deng , Guanting Dong , Zhicheng Dou

Large language models (LLMs) excel at solving problems with clear and complete statements, but often struggle with nuanced environments or interactive tasks which are common in most real-world scenarios. This highlights the critical need…

Reasoning is a fundamental aspect of human intelligence that plays a crucial role in activities such as problem solving, decision making, and critical thinking. In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have made significant progress in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Jie Huang , Kevin Chen-Chuan Chang

Table reasoning requires models to jointly perform comprehensive semantic understanding and precise numerical operations. Although recent large language model (LLM)-based methods have achieved promising results, most of them still rely on a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Chuang Jiang , Mingyue Cheng , Xiaoyu Tao , Qingyang Mao , Jie Ouyang , Qi Liu

Recently, a new wave of thinking-capable Large Language Models has emerged, demonstrating exceptional capabilities across a wide range of reasoning benchmarks. Early studies have begun to explore how the amount of compute in terms of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Ignacio Iacobacci , Zhaozhi Qian , Faroq AL-Tam , Muhammad AL-Qurishi , Riad Souissi

While there have been extensive studies in code generation by large language models (LLM), where benchmarks like HumanEval have been surpassed with an impressive 96.3% success rate, these benchmarks predominantly judge a model's performance…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Ricardo La Rosa , Corey Hulse , Bangdi Liu

In recent years, lightweight large language models (LLMs) have garnered significant attention in the robotics field due to their low computational resource requirements and suitability for edge deployment. However, in task planning --…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Weijie Zhou , Manli Tao , Chaoyang Zhao , Honghui Dong , Ming Tang , Jinqiao Wang

Language model (LM)-based agents have demonstrated promising capabilities in automating complex tasks from natural language instructions, yet they continue to struggle with long-horizon planning and reasoning. To address this, we propose an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Wenyi Wu , Sibo Zhu , Kun Zhou , Biwei Huang

Theory of Mind (ToM) reasoning entails recognizing that other individuals possess their own intentions, emotions, and thoughts, which is vital for guiding one's own thought processes. Although large language models (LLMs) excel in tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Maryam Amirizaniani , Elias Martin , Maryna Sivachenko , Afra Mashhadi , Chirag Shah

We present Tell Me, a mental well-being system that leverages advances in large language models to provide accessible, context-aware support for users and researchers. The system integrates three components: (i) a retrieval-augmented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Trishala Jayesh Ahalpara

Tool learning has emerged as a crucial capability for large language models (LLMs) to solve complex real-world tasks through interaction with external tools. Existing approaches face significant challenges, including reliance on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Hanxing Ding , Shuchang Tao , Liang Pang , Zihao Wei , Jinyang Gao , Bolin Ding , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

The rise of Generative AI, and Large Language Models (LLMs) in particular, is fundamentally changing cognitive processes in knowledge work, raising critical questions about their impact on human reasoning and problem-solving capabilities.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Joshua Holstein , Moritz Diener , Philipp Spitzer

This paper presents a plan-based architecture for response generation in collaborative consultation dialogues, with emphasis on cases in which the system (consultant) and user (executing agent) disagree. Our work contributes to an overall…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Jennifer Chu-Carroll , Sandra Carberry

In this study, we introduced a new benchmark consisting of a curated dataset and a defined evaluation process to assess the compositional reasoning capabilities of large language models within the chemistry domain. We designed and validated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Mohammad Khodadad , Ali Shiraee Kasmaee , Mahdi Astaraki , Nicholas Sherck , Hamidreza Mahyar , Soheila Samiee

Human cognitive development is shaped not only by individual effort but by structured social interaction, where role-based exchanges such as those between a tutor and a learner, enable solutions that neither could achieve alone. Inspired by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Nurullah Eymen Özdemir , Erhan Oztop

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into robotics has unlocked unprecedented capabilities in high-level task planning. However, most current systems operate in an open-loop fashion, where LLMs act as one-shot planners, rendering…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Anjali R. Menon , Rohit K. Sharma , Priya Singh , Chengyu Wang , Aurora M. Ferreira , Mateja Novak

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable reasoning abilities on complex problems using long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning. However, they often suffer from overthinking, meaning generating unnecessarily lengthy reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yi Bin , Tianyi Jiang , Yujuan Ding , Kainian Zhu , Fei Ma , Jingkuan Song , Yang Yang , Heng Tao Shen

In modern industry, dynamic environments and the complexity of modular and reconfigurable resources require automated planning of process sequences. Capability-based planning approaches address this by automatically generating plans from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Luis Miguel Vieira da Silva , Nicolas König , Felix Gehlhoff

Table-based question answering requires complex reasoning capabilities that current LLMs struggle to achieve with single-pass inference. Existing approaches, such as Chain-of-Thought reasoning and question decomposition, lack error…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Ye Bai , Minghan Wang , Thuy-Trang Vu
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