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Keyword Spotting (KWS) models are becoming increasingly integrated into various systems, e.g. voice assistants. To achieve satisfactory performance, these models typically rely on a large amount of labelled data, limiting their applications…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Holger Severin Bovbjerg , Zheng-Hua Tan

The performance of the keyword spotting (KWS) system based on audio modality, commonly measured in false alarms and false rejects, degrades significantly under the far field and noisy conditions. Therefore, audio-visual keyword spotting,…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Ao Zhang , He Wang , Pengcheng Guo , Yihui Fu , Lei Xie , Yingying Gao , Shilei Zhang , Junlan Feng

Learning to recognize new keywords with just a few examples is essential for personalizing keyword spotting (KWS) models to a user's choice of keywords. However, modern KWS models are typically trained on large datasets and restricted to a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-07 Abhijeet Awasthi , Kevin Kilgour , Hassan Rom

This paper proposes a self-learning method to incrementally train (fine-tune) a personalized Keyword Spotting (KWS) model after the deployment on ultra-low power smart audio sensors. We address the fundamental problem of the absence of…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Manuele Rusci , Francesco Paci , Marco Fariselli , Eric Flamand , Tinne Tuytelaars

Single-channel speech enhancement approaches do not always improve automatic recognition rates in the presence of noise, because they can introduce distortions unhelpful for recognition. Following a trend towards end-to-end training of…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Peter Plantinga , Deblin Bagchi , Eric Fosler-Lussier

Single-channel speech enhancement is utilized in various tasks to mitigate the effect of interfering signals. Conventionally, to ensure the speech enhancement performs optimally, the speech enhancement has needed to be tuned for each task.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-11 Hiroshi Sato , Tsubasa Ochiai , Marc Delcroix , Takafumi Moriya , Takanori Ashihara , Ryo Masumura

Custom keyword spotting (KWS) allows detecting user-defined spoken keywords from streaming audio. This is achieved by comparing the embeddings from voice enrollments and input audio. State-of-the-art custom KWS models are typically trained…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-06 Pai Zhu , Quan Wang , Dhruuv Agarwal , Kurt Partridge

Speech recognition is a sequence prediction problem. Besides employing various deep learning approaches for framelevel classification, sequence-level discriminative training has been proved to be indispensable to achieve the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-20 Zhehuai Chen , Yanmin Qian , Kai Yu

Recent research on speech enhancement (SE) has seen the emergence of deep-learning-based methods. It is still a challenging task to determine the effective ways to increase the generalizability of SE under diverse test conditions. In this…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-01 Ryandhimas E. Zezario , Chiou-Shann Fuh , Hsin-Min Wang , Yu Tsao

Keyword spotting (KWS) is a critical component for enabling speech based user interactions on smart devices. It requires real-time response and high accuracy for good user experience. Recently, neural networks have become an attractive…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-02-16 Yundong Zhang , Naveen Suda , Liangzhen Lai , Vikas Chandra

Keyword Spotting (KWS) enables speech-based user interaction on smart devices. Always-on and battery-powered application scenarios for smart devices put constraints on hardware resources and power consumption, while also demanding high…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-05 Simon Mittermaier , Ludwig Kürzinger , Bernd Waschneck , Gerhard Rigoll

Keyword Spotting (KWS) systems with small footprint models deployed on edge devices face significant accuracy and robustness challenges due to domain shifts caused by varying noise and recording conditions. To address this, we propose a…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Prakash Dhungana , Sayed Ahmad Salehi

We address the problem of speech enhancement generalisation to unseen environments by performing two manipulations. First, we embed an additional recording from the environment alone, and use this embedding to alter activations in the main…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-10-31 Gil Keren , Jing Han , Björn Schuller

Single-word Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is a challenging task due to the lack of linguistic context and sensitivity to noise, pronunciation variation, and channel artifacts, especially in low-resource, communication-critical domains…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Manali Sharma , Riya Naik , Buvaneshwari G

Keyword spotting (KWS) and speaker verification (SV) have been studied independently although it is known that acoustic and speaker domains are complementary. In this paper, we propose a multi-task network that performs KWS and SV…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-10 Myunghun Jung , Youngmoon Jung , Jahyun Goo , Hoirin Kim

The recognition of rare named entities, such as personal names and terminologies, is challenging for automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems, especially when they are not frequently observed in the training data. In this paper, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Yuang Li , Min Zhang , Chang Su , Yinglu Li , Xiaosong Qiao , Mengxin Ren , Miaomiao Ma , Daimeng Wei , Shimin Tao , Hao Yang

In this study, we investigate the application of keyword spotting (KWS) in the domain of Hindi speech recognition, utilizing a dataset comprising 40,000 audio samples. With a sampling rate of 44 kHz and an average duration of 1.9 seconds…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Saru Bharti , Pushparaj Mani Pathak

Speech enhancement (SE) aims to improve the clarity, intelligibility, and quality of speech signals for various speech enabled applications. However, air-conducted (AC) speech is highly susceptible to ambient noise, particularly in low…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-14 Fuyuan Feng , Longting Xu , Rohan Kumar Das

In this paper, the coherence between speech and noise signals is used to obtain a Speech Enhancement (SE) gain function, in combination with a Super Gaussian Joint Maximum a Posteriori (SGJMAP) single microphone SE gain function. The…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-28 Nikhil Shankar , Gautam S Bhat , Chandan K A Reddy , Issa Panahi

The expanding feature set of modern headphones puts a challenge on the design of their control interface. Users may want to separately control each feature or quickly switch between modes that activate different features. Traditional…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-04 Qiaoyu Yang